These questions are very important for SSC and HSC exams. Download passage narration exercises with the answers in pdf version.

You may find helpful: Learn Narration Change Rules in 5 Simple Steps

The following exercises are collected from Board Questions and cover all passage narration rules.

I hope this worksheet will help you a lot. Let’s start answering the following question.

Narration Exercises from Board Questions of SSC

1. Change the narrative style of the following text. [DB-2019]

“What is the time by your watch? said an old man. I said, “It is half-past nine.” He said, “I want to go to your house. Will you accompany me, please?” “No, I am sorry because I am going to school,” I said.

1. An old man asked me what the time was by my watch. I replied that it was half-past nine. He said that he wanted to go to my house and asked politely if I would accompany me. I replied in the negative and added that I was sorry because I was going to school.

2. Change the narrative style of the following text. [CB 2019]

“Good morning Rupa.” said Sohel, “How much preparation have you taken for the upcoming SSC Exam?” “A great preparation” replied she. “I hope, I shall get 90+ marks in every subject.” “How confident you are!” said Sohel.

Answer: Sohel wished Rupa Good Morning and asked how much preparation she had taken for the upcoming SSC Exam. She replied that she had taken a great preparation and added that I hoped she would get 90+ marks in every subject. He exclaimed that she was very confident.

3. Change the narrative style of the following text. [RB 2019]

The students said, “We want to celebrate the victory of the National Debate Competition.” The headmaster said, “Why?” The students said, “We want to make it memorable in our life.” The headmaster said, “Don’t worry. I shall take all the necessary steps to arrange the function.”

Answer: The students told the headmaster that they wanted to celebrate the victory of the National Debate Competition. He (H) asked why they wanted to do so. They replied that they wanted to make that memorable in their life. He told not to worry and added that he would take all the necessary steps to arrange the function.

4. [DJB 2019]
Please give me your English Grammar and Composition Book.” said Sara. “I cannot give it. ” said Niha. “I have to take it with me in the class.” “I shall return the book before the class starts. ” said Sara. “Take it. ” said Niha. ” Thank you.” Said Sara.

Answer: Sara requested Niha politely to give her her English Grammar and Composition Book. She (N) said that she couldn’t give it and added that she had to take it with her in the class. Sara said that she would return the book before the class started. Niha told to take it. Sara thanked her

5. [JB 2019]
The teacher said to the boy, “Why are you disturbing the class in this way? Don’t you know that it is an important class? Get out of the room and don’t come back today.” “Excuse me, sir.” said the boy. “I’ll never disturb in the class.” he promised.

Answer: The teacher asked the boy why he was disturbing the class in that way and asked if he didn’t know that it was an important class and told to get out of the room and not to come back that day. He respectfully begged to excuse him and promised that he would never disturb in the class.

6. [CtgB 2019]
Rina said to Karim, “How are you? I went to your house yesterday but did not find you. Where did you go?” “I went to book fair.” said Karim. “I had to maintain our school’s stall.”

Answer: Rina asked Karim how he was and told him that she had gone to his house the previous day but hadn’t found him. She inquired where he had gone. Karim replied that he had gone to the book fair and had to maintain their school’s stall.

8. Rifat told Munir that he hadn’t attended his birthday party. Munir apologized for that and added that he had to go to his uncle’s house in Dhaka and asked how the program had been. He requested that he might show him the photographs.

7. [SB 2019]
The stranger said to the boy, “Can you tell me the way to the nearest hotel?” “Yes, Sir, I can. Do you want a residential one in which you can spend the night?” said the boy. “I don’t want to stay there but I only want a meal.” replied the man. “Paradis Garden will be better for you.” said the boy.

8. [BB 2019]
Rifat said to Munir, “You didn’t attend my birthday party.” “Extremely sorry, friend.” Munir replied, “I had to go to my uncle’s house in Dhaka. How was the program?” “Let me show you the photographs” said Rifat.

Answer: Rifat told Munir that he hadn’t attended his birthday party. Munir apologized for that and added that he had to go to his uncle’s house in Dhaka and asked how the program had been. He requested that he might show him the photographs.

9.
“Why you are putting up the food in your pocket, Sir?” asked the nobleman. “I am doing the right thing. My dress deserves the rich dishes.” replied Sheikh Saadi. “Please tell me clearly what you mean to say?” said the nobleman.

Answer: The nobleman asked Sheikh Saadi respectfully why he (S) was putting up the food in his (S) pocket. Sheikh Saadi replied that he was doing the right thing and he added that his dress deserved the rich dishes. The nobleman requested Sheikh Saadi to tell him clearly what he (S) meant to say.

10.
“Have you ever been to Cox’s Bazar?” asked Shabab “No, I have never been there.” replied Labib. “But I desire for visiting the place” “I had an opportunity to visit the sea beach last year.” said Shabab” “Let us go there this week”

Answer: Shabab asked Labib if he ever been to Cox’s Bazer. Labib replied in the negative that he (L) had never been there. But he added that he desired for visiting the place. Shabab said that he had an opportunity to visit sea beach the previous year. He proposed that they should go there that week.

11. The teacher said to Kamal, “Why are you talking in the class? You should behave yourself.” Kamal replied, “Sir, I am sorry. I am asking Rahim to lend me his pen. My pen has run out.” The teacher said, “Be attentive and listen to my lecture.

Answer: The teacher asked Kamal why he was talking in the class and added that he should behave himself. He respectfully apologized and said that he was asking Rahim to lend him (K) his (R) pen and added that his (K) pen had run out. The teacher told to be attentive and listen to his (T) lecture.

Narration Exercises from Board Questions of HSC

1. “Why are your children crying, my daughter?” said the Caliph. “They have been starving.” said the woman. “Have you none else in the world?” “My husband died some months ago. He left them neither money nor any property. So, they are in great distress. They have to starve sometimes.” “Oh! Let me see, how I can help you.” said the Caliph.

Answer: The Caliph asked the woman why her children were crying. The woman replied that her children had been starving. When the Caliph asked if she had anyone else in the world, she said that her husband had died a few months ago and had left them with neither money nor any property, so they were in great distress and had to starve sometimes. The Caliph then offered to see how he could help the woman.

2. How much do you want?” said the Mayor. “A thousand guilders.” said the pied piper. ” All right,” said the Mayor. “We’ll pay you a thousand guilders. When will you set to work?” “Now,” said the pied piper.

Answer: The Mayor asked the pied piper how much he wanted. The pied piper replied that he wanted a thousand guilders. The Mayor agreed and said that they would pay him a thousand guilders. The Mayor then inquired as to when the pied piper would set to work. The pied piper replied that he would start immediately.

More Narration Exercises

1. The daughter said to her father, “Please, come back home soon. Perhaps you have forgotten that today is my birthday.” Father said, “No, I have not forgotten at all.” “Today I am not going to office.’ The daughter said, “Where are you going?” Father said, “I’m going to buy a gift and a birthday cake to celebrate’ your birthday ceremony.” Jumping into a delight the daughter said, ‘Then I shall invite my most bosom friends.”

Answer: The daughter requested her father to kindly go back home soon and said that perhaps he had forgotten that that day was her birthday. Father replied in the negative and said that he had not forgotten at all and further added that that day he was not going to office. The daughter asked where he was going. Father replied that he was going to buy a gift and birthday cake to celebrate her birthday ceremony. Jumping into a delight, the daughter said that then she would invite her most bosom friends.

2. A hawker said, “Will you buy any paper? I have all types of Newspapers and Magazines. Please take one from me.” “I buy books but now I need a weekly. Don’t you have any Weekly Magazine?” said Sushmita.

Answer: A hawker asked Sushmita if she would buy any paper and said that he had all types of Newspapers and Magazines and requested her to take one from him. Sushmita said that she bought books but then she needed a weekly. Sushmita asked the hawker if he did not have any weekly magazine.

3. “You look a little bit like my mother,” he said, “especially in the dark by the fire.” “But you were only four Jerry, when you came here. You have remembered how she looked all these years?” “My mother lives in Manville,” he said.

Answer: Jerry told me that I looked a little bit like his mother especially in the dark by the fire. I told him that he had been only four when he had gone there. Being surprised I asked him if he had remembered how she had looked all those years. He replied that his mother lived in Manville.

4. “Where did you go yesterday?” said Lipi. “I went to Chittagong to see my mother,” said Mina. “She has been suffering from high blood pressure.” “Is she sound now?” said Lipi.” “No,” said Mina.

Answer: Lipi asked Mina where she had gone the previous day. Mina replied that she had gone to Chittagong to see her mother. She added that she (her mother) had been suffering from high blood pressure. Lipi asked Mina if she was sound then. Mina replied in the negative.

5. “Where are you going?” said the merchant. “I was coming to see you.” “What do you want?” “To earn my bread by the labour of my hands.” “Do you really want work?” said the merchant. “Yes, if you have any”. “Then follow me and carry a box from a shop to my house.” “I do not see how I can do that,” said the youth.

Answer: The merchant asked the youth where he was going. The youth replied that he was going to see him. The merchant asked the youth what he wanted. The merchant again asked the youth if he really wanted work. The youth replied in the affirmative and said that he would really want work if he had any. Then the merchant ordered the youth to follow him and to carry a box from a shop to his house. The youth said that he did not see how he could do that.

6. “Have you killed the rates?” said the Mayor. “Yes, I have, said the piper. “Give me the promised money.” “How funny!” said the Mayor, ‘We cannot give you so much money. Take only fifty.’7. “Have you seen your mother, Jerry?” “I see her every summer. She sends for me.” I wanted to cry out. “Why are you not with her? How can she let you go away again?” He said, “She comes up here from Manville whenever she can. She does not have a job now.”

Answer: The Mayor asked the piper if he (p) had killed the rates. The Piper replied in the affirmative that he had. Then he (P) told the Mayor to give him (P) the promised money. The Mayor exclaimed in wonder that it was very funny. He added that they could not give him (P) so much money and told him to take only fifty.

7. “Where is my son?” said the grocer. “A crow carried your son away” said the fruit seller. “You liar. How can a crow carry away such a big boy?” “Just the same way as mice can eat away the balance and weights.”

Answer: The grocer asked the fruit seller where his son was. The fruit seller replied that a crow had carried away his son. The grocer called him a liar and asked him how a crow could carry away such a big boy. The fruit seller replied that it happened just in the same way as mice could eat away the balance and weights.

8. “I came here yesterday from my village,” he said. “Why did you come?” I asked. “My mother sent me to you with this letter.” “How is your mother? I have not seen her for a long time. I hope she is quite well.”

Answer: He said to me that he had gone there the previous day from his village. I asked him why he had gone. He replied that his mother had sent him to me with that letter. I asked him how his mother was and told him that I had not seen her for a long time and I hoped that she was quite well.

9. “Great king of the genies,” called the monster. “I will never disobey you.” Hearing those words, the fisherman became very brave and said, “Tell me why you were locked up in the vase?” The giant angrily looked at the fisherman and said, “Speak to me politely or I shall kill you.” “Why should you kill me?” asked the fisherman.

Answer: The monster called the great king of the genies and said that he would never again disobey him (G). Hearing those words, the fishermen became brave and told the monster to tell him (f) why he (M) had been locked up in the vase. Then the giant angrily looked at him and told the fishermen to speak to him (M) more politely, otherwise, he (M) would kill him (F). The fisherman asked why he would kill him.

10. “I’ll pay for it,” he said. “I broke it, I brought the exe down careless.” “But no one hits accurately every time, Jerry. Moreover, the fault was in the wood of the handle. I’ll see the man who I have bought it from,” I told him.

Answer: Jerry said that he would pay for it and added that he had broken it, he had brought the exe down careless. Expressing dissatisfaction I told Jerry that no one hit accurately every time. Moreover, the fault had been in the wood of the handle. I told him that I would see the man who I had bought it from.

11. “Have you cut your hair off?” asked Jim. “Cut it off and sold it,” Said Della. “Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow? I’m me without my hair, aren’t I ?”

Answer: Jim asked Della if she had cut her hair off. Della replied that she had cut it off and sold it. She then asked Jim if he didn’t like her just as well, anyhow. She also told him that she was her without her hair. He again asked Jim if she was not.

12. “Porter, you may go,” said the mistress of the house laughing, “You have gained your freedom.” “By Allah,” he replied, “I will not leave this house until I have heard the stories of my companions.”

Answer: The mistress of the house told the porter laughing that he might go. She also added that he had gained his freedom. Swearing by Allah, the porter replied that he would not leave that house until he had heard the stories of his companions.

13. “Follow my example” she said, as we shook hands “and never eat more than one thing for luncheon.” “I’ll do better than that” I said, “I’ll eat nothing for dinner tonight”

Answer: As we shook hands she advised me to follow her example and never to eat more than one thing for luncheon. I said that I would do better than that and added that I would eat nothing for dinner that night.

14. “May I come in, sir?” a boy standing at the door said to him. Then without waiting for his reply the boy entered the room and said, “Sir, I have come from Palashpur with a letter from Mr. Ajit Bose.” “Ajit Bose? How is he?” he said smiling. “He is not well. He has been suffering from a serious illness for two years,” the boy said. “How sad it is! May God cure him,” he said.

Answer: A boy standing at the door respectfully asked if he might go in. Then without waiting for his reply the boy entered the room and respectfully said that he had gone from Palashpur with a letter from Mr. Ajit Bose. Being surprised he asked him smiling how he was. The boy replied that he was not well and added that he had been suffering from a serious illness for two years. He exclaimed with sorrow that it was very sad and prayed that God might cure him.

15. “Why don’t you attend classes regularly?” the teacher said to the student. “You can’t expect good results unless you attend classes as I tell you”. “I am sorry, sir, I have offended you,” said the student.

Answer: The teacher asked the student why he didn’t attend classes regularly and said that he couldn’t expect good results unless he attended classes as he told him. The student respectfully told him that he was sorry as he had offended him.

16. Once I said to a sweet girl, “What’s your mother’s name?” She replied cleverly, “I know my mother’s name but I won’t tell you that.” I said, “What a clever girl you are!” “I don’t tell my mother’s name to anybody whom I don’t know”, she spoke with an air of confidence.

Answer: Once I asked a sweet girl what her mother’s name was. She replied cleverly that she knew her mother’s name but she would not tell me that. I exclaimed with wonder that she was a very clever girl. She spoke with an air of confidence that she didn’t tell her mother’s name to anybody whom she didn’t know.

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What is Modifier

Modifier হল এমন একটি শব্দ বা বাক্যাংশ যেটি একটি Adjective বা Adverb হিসেবে কাজ করে। Modifier অন্য একটি শব্দ বা বাক্যাংশ সম্পর্কে অতিরিক্ত তথ্য প্রদান করে।

Modifiers এর ধরণ

আমরা ২ ধরণের Modifier দেখতে পাই, Pre-modifier, and Post-modifier. যখন modifier টি head এর পূর্বে বসে, সেটি Pre- Modifier, যখন modifier টি head এর পরে বসে, সেটি  Post- Modifier.

Grammatical Items in Modifier

Modifiers এ English Grammar এর যে সকল আইটেমগুলো ব্যবহার হয়, তা নিচে সহজভাবে বোঝানো হল। আপনাদের বুঝতে অসুবিধা হলে, কমেন্টে জানান।

1. Determiner
2. Adjective
3. Appositive
4. Infinitive
5. Infinitive Phrase
6. Relative Pronoun
7. Relative Clause
8. Prepositional Phrase
9. Adverb
10. Participle

HSC English 2nd Paper Modifier Exercises with Answers

Determiner

Determiner এর মধ্যে রয়েছে Article, Possessive, Demonstrative এবং Adjective

Article: a) Indefinite: a and an, b) Definite: the
Possessive pronoun: my, your, our, his, her, their, its
(Note: All possessive pronouns come before a noun. Example; My pen, our house, their land, its colour, etc.)
Demonstrative pronoun: this, that, these and those
Distributive: All, both, each, every, half, either, neither, etc.
Quantifier: A few, a little, many, much, most, no, any enough, some, a lot of,

Adjective

হয়তো আপনারা জেনে থাকবেন Adjective কি। আমি আরেকটু সহজভাবে বলি, আমরা “কেমন” দ্বারা প্রশ্ন করলে উত্তরে যা পাই, তাই একটি Adjective.

Example: Rina is a very good girl. (ভাল মেয়ে, অর্থাৎ, good শব্দটি দ্বারা বুঝানো হচ্ছে, girl টি কেমন)

Adjective কে কয়েকটি ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়, যেমনঃ
a) Adjective of quality, b) Adjective of quantity or quantifier, c) Adjective of number d) Distributive adjective and e) pronominal adjective.

a) Adjective of Quality:

Good, bad, honest, dishonest, etc. (Note: Adjective of quality does not work as a determiner but it works as a modifier)

b) Adjective of Quantity:

Some, many, much, little, few, huge, full, half, etc.

c) Adjective of Number

Ordinal number: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
Cardinal number: one, two, three, etc.
Multiplicative number: once, twice, thrice, etc.
Collective number: pair, dozen, etc.
Ranking number: primary, secondary and tertiary.

d) Noun Adjective (Noun + Noun):

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যখন একটি  Noun অন্য একটি Noun এর পূর্বে এবং ১ম Noun টি একটি Adjective হিসেবে কাজ করে, এই Noun কে Noun Adjective বলা হয়। যেহেতু এটি একটি Noun কিন্তু কাজ করে Adjective এর মত, তাই এটিকে Noun Adjective বলা হয়।

For example; Dhaka City, Bangladesh Bank, School Bus, College Dress, Classroom, etc.

3) Appositive (Extra idea about Noun):

For example:
i) Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, is a big city.
ii) Bangladesh, a land of rivers, is our homeland.
iii) Jahid, my best friend, is very attentive to his study,

4) Infinitive (to + verb):

For example
i) To walk is beneficial to health.
ii) To swim is good exercise.
iii) Mangoes are tasty to eat.

5) Infinitive Phrase (to + verb + object):

For example; i) To walk in the morning is good for health. ii) To swim in the pond is easy. iii) Fishes are good to eat for our health.

6) Relative Pronoun

Who, Whose, Whom, Which, What, That, Why, Where, How, etc.

For example,
i) I saw the boy who did this work.
ii) This is the place where I was born.
iii) I don’t know why he did the work.
iv) He told me how to do it.

7) Relative Clause

A clause which begins with a relative pronoun is called a relative clause.

For example; i) I know the man who is very honest. ii) This is the place where he was born. iii) I have no idea why he did the work. iv) He told me how I can do it.

8) Prepositional Phrase:

At the top of, by dint of, by means of, by virtue of, for the sake of, in case of, in comparison to, in course of, in favour of, in order to, in search of, in spite of, instead of, in the midst of, in view of, on account of, on behalf of, owing to, with a view to etc.

9) Adverb:

An adverb is a word used to modify any part of speech except a noun or pronoun. (J.C. Nesfield)

Classification of Adverb:

কাজ অনুসারে Adverb কে বিভিন্ন ভাগে ভাগ করা হয়। বিভিন্ন ধরনের Adverb সম্পর্কে জেনে নেয়া যাক। এতে তোমাদের মনে রাখতে সুবিধা হবে।

i) Adverb of time:
কখন, কতক্ষন, বা কতবার দ্বারা প্রশ্ন করলে যে শব্দগুলো পাই, তাই  Adverb of time। অর্থাৎ, একটি Verb কখন, কতক্ষন বা কতবার কাজ সম্পাদন করে, তা বুঝাতে আমরা যে শব্দগেুলো ব্যবহার করি সেগুলোকে Adverb বলে।
Adverb গুলো হলোঃ Now, then, ago, before, always, seldom, often, once, twice, again, today, yesterday, daily, regularly, early etc.

ii) Adverb of place:
কোথায় দ্বারা প্রশ্ন করলে, উত্তরে যা পাই তা হলো Adverb of place। অর্থাৎ, Adverb of place কোন কাজ কোথায় ঘটছে তা বুঝায়।

এ ধরনের Adverb গুলো হলোঃ here, there, far, near, above, below, inside, outside, locally, in Dhaka, In Bangladesh etc.

iii) Adverb of manner:
কীভাবে রা প্রশ্ন করলে, উত্তরে যা পাই, তা Adverb of manner। অর্থাৎ, কোন কাজ কিভাবে করা হচ্ছে, তা বুঝাতে Adverb of manner ব্যবহৃত হয়।

এরকম কিছু Adverb হলোঃ clearly, closely, correctly, bravely, badly, sadly, softly, steadily, slowly, simply, suddenly, carefully, carelessly, suddenly, easily, quickly, probably, wrongly, fortunately, unfortunately, naturally, wrongly, etc.
iv) Adverb of degree:
কতটা বা কি পরিমানে বোঝাতে Adverb of degree ব্যবহার হয়।

এ ধরনের কিছু Adverb গুলো হলোঃ almost, quite, totally, entirely, deeply, very, much, fully, partially, completely, strongly, half, poorly etc.

v) Adverb of reason or purpose:
কোন কাজের কারণ বা উদ্দেশ্য বোঝাতে যে Adverb ব্যবহার হয়, সেগুলোকে Adverb of reason or purpose বলো হয়। এ ধরনের Adverb গুলো হলোঃ hence, therefore, so, so that etc.

vi) Adverb of affirmation and negation:
হ্যাঁ বা না বাচক শব্দও একধরনের Adverb। এ ধরনের Adverb গুলো হলোঃ yes, no, never.

vii) Intensifiers:
যে Adverb গুলো Verb বা Adjective এর উপর বিশেষ ভাবে জোর দেয়, সেগুলোকে Intensifier বলে। যেমনঃ very, very much, actually, certainly, surely, definitely, really, absolutely, indeed etc.

viii) Downtoners:
Intensifier এর বিপরীতে যে Adverb গুলি verb, adjective বা অন্য কোন adverb এর গুরুত্ব কমিয়ে দেয় সেগুলিকে Downtoners বলে।

যেমনঃ hardly, barely, scarcely, nearly, somewhat, slightly, a little bit, a bit, only just, etc.

10) Participle:

Participle হচ্ছে Verb এর একটি রুপ বা Form যেটি একই সংগে Verb এবং Adjective এর কাজ করে থাকে। Participle ২ ধরনের হয়ে থাকে।

আমরা জানি একটি Verb এর ৪টি রুপ বা Form থাকে, যেমন (do – did – doing- done)
এখানে, doing (present participle) এবং done (past participle)।

Present Participle:

Verb এর সাথে -ing যুক্ত করে Present participle গঠিত হয়। Present Participle চলমান কোন কাজের অবস্থা বুঝাতে Adjective হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়। তাছাড়া, Continuous Tense গঠনে ও এটি ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Examples of Present Participle:
a) You should not get down from a running bus
b) A blooming flower is beautiful to look at.
c) We saw the boy playing in the field.
d) Hearing the news, I became very happy.

Past Participle:

সাধারণত Verb এর সাথে -ed যুক্ত করে Present participle গঠিত হয়। Present Participle এক ধরনের Adjective যেটি সমাপ্ত কোন কাজের অবস্থা বুঝায়। তাছাড়া এটি Passive ও Perfect Tense গঠন করতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Examples of Present Participle:
a) We saw the trees laden with fruits.
b) There is a broken chair in the room.
c) He got a hidden treasure in his field.
d) Driven by hunger, he stole a piece of bread.

The post Modifiers for HSC English 2nd Paper appeared first on BDClass.

This will help you remove all the doubts and be helpful for last moment preparation.

So, let’s try to answer the practice sheet. See the answers when you can not do it alone. Make comment if you find any difficulty to understand.

Affirmative and Negative Sentences Exercises

Exercise 1: Use of Opposite Words

1. Day to day life in Dhaka is expensive
2. It lives together.
3. His wife Catherine loves gardening.
4. But at last, God took pity on him.
5. We always remember their memories.
6. A life with an assignment is an actual life.
7. At this, the sailors were very angry with him.
8. He does not leave his friend.
9. We should not disturb social order.
10. A life with an assignment is an actual life.
11. They are honest and pious.
12. They are our friends.
13. He passed his early life in sorrows.
14. Tea is a popular drink.
15. Nazneen belongs to a small family.
16. All acid throwers should be punished.
17. They are always sincere to their duties.
18. The literacy rate in Bangladesh is very poor.
19. Haji Mohammad Muhsin was a very kind man.
20. Her parents liked her very much.
21. He is a regular student.
22. She was a very hardworking and responsible loanee.
23. He lived a simple life and took little food.
24. They are your real friends in your life.
25. We always remember their memories.
26. So, we should be honest in our life.
27. The people of Singapore are very well-behaved.
28. At first glance, the questions may seem difficult.
29. The teaching staffs of this school are qualified.
30. A computer is a blessing on earth.
31. The effect of acid throwing is destructive.
32. It is an incomparable creation.
33. English is a foreign language.
34. I forgot his name.
35. Never tell a lie.
36. Jim was never late.
37. Jerry was not a dishonest boy.
38. I did not find many people there.
39. No one will deny his courage.
40. The people of Venice did not like him.
41. Once we were not independent.
42. But he did not take the money.
43. Most of the drivers of our country are illiterate.

Exercise 2:

1. They must be punctual, industrious and truthful.
2. We must increase our production to get rid of this abnormal situation.
3. We must learn English.
4. You cannot help going there.
5. Everybody must be conscious of health.
6. He could not but feel pity for the lion.
7. Then we could not but help the flood-affected people.
8. We must protect them.
9. I have to go there.
10. We cannot but depend on it.
11. He must go from one house to another in fair weather or foul.

Exercise 3: Use of Every No and All

1. Every girl has a sense of motherhood.
2. Everybody knows it.
3. Everybody lives in society.
4. Nobody loves a liar.
5. Everybody lives in society
6. Everyone desires for wealth.
7. Everybody respects a truthful person.
8. Everybody wants friends.
9. Nobody denies the importance of television.
10. Everyone in our country will be happy to learn this news.
11. Everybody from them will admit that they spent a wonderful time in college.
12. Every rose has a thorn.
13. Every nation has respect to it’s motherland.
14. There is no mother but loves her child.
15. Who does not like flowers?
16. Who does not know this?

Exercise 4: Use of Only

1. But the cook told that this had only one leg.
2. It only lives in a hive.
3. It begets only the worst.
4. Allah alone can help us.
5. It begets only the worst.
6. Only poverty is responsible for this.
7. Only the meritorious students can get a chance to study here.
8. Only addiction is responsible for it.
9. At first, he only treated animals.
10. It takes only a few minutes to transmit a message from one country to another.
11. None but God can help us.
12. None but the fool will say so.

Exercise 5: Use of Too and So

1. He is too weak to walk.
2. He is too foolish to understand the matter.
3. The box was so heavy that I could not carry.
4. The boy is so weak that he can not walk.
5. This is too poor to imagine.

Exercise 6: As soon as, No sooner, Scarcely and Hardly

1. As soon as I went to station, the train left.
2. But as soon as he reached hill, it opened up.
3. No sooner had I reached the college than the bell rang.
4. Hardly had the teacher entered the classroom when students stood up.

Exercise 7: Truth and Real Life Happening

1. Happiness is a psychological thing.
2. The sun rises in the east.
3. He had a wonderful goose.
4. Ice floats on water.
5. They are the symbol of purity and beauty.

Exercise 8: Comparision of Degree

1. He is the best player.
2. He is one of the best players.
3. Nazrul is the greatest poet in our country.
4. Nazrul is one of the greatest poets in our country.
5. They demand more than double price of the fishes.
6. Robi’s father was as rich as a king.
7. Iron is stronger than plastic.

Exercise 9: Both

1. Both Rahim and Karim came here.
2. Smoking is not only a dangerous habit but also a bad one.
3. Runa is both beautiful and intelligent.

Assertive and Interrogative Sentences Exercises

Exercise 1:

1. He is swimming in the pond.
2. He goes to school every day.
3. Tea grows in plenty in Bangladesh.
4. She suddenly woke up hearing a fearful cry.
5. He can succeed in life.
6. They do not realize the high cost of living in Toronto.
7. He felt very helpless.
8. I can never forget you.
9. They don’t do anything for the country.
10. They are fond of watching “twenty-twenty-cricket”
11. The towers symbolize the loftiness of the spirit of the martyred freedom fighters.
12. Everyday many people go to visit it.
13. Her mother often writes to her.
14. My friend invited me to pay a visit to Cox’s Bazar.
15. It eliminates the time spent in establishing a phone call.
16. Communicative competence can be achieved in a short time.
17. Many of them left Eidgah to meet their relatives.
18. Tree plantation programs should be expanded to the remote corner of the country.
19. Serious steps should be taken to stop acid throwing.
20. But books are always with us.
21. Patriotism is a noble virtue.
22. He can succeed in life.
23. People laughed at him at the back.
24. The books of great writers contain noble thoughts and great ideas.
25. It is the duty of the educated people to educate the illiterate.
26. He inherited vast property from his father and sister.
27. We are proud of our freedom fighters.
28. She passed her time in reading and writing.
29. My friend invited me to pay a visit to Cox’s Bazar.
30. You cannot be happy without it.
31. The towers symbolize the loftiness of the spirit of martyred freedom fighters.
32. I will never forget your generosity.
33. He felt very helpless.
34. The lion showed him no sign of attack.
35. The merchant got very angry with the youngest daughter.
36. The teachers are highly qualified and well trained.
37. We are proud of our religion.
38. Some people hanker after riches.
39. Files in the office do not move without bribe.
40. It turns a man into a beast.
41. Does he mind taking tea?
42. Has she had her meal?
43. Had he taken his breakfast before he came?
44. Have I just had a snack?
45. Will they be playing?
46. Did she read the book?
47. Didn’t I have something to say?
48. Didn’t they let the secret out?
49. Didn’t the police interrogate the thief?
50. Shouldn’t we follow the rules of health?

Exercise 2:

1. They do nothing for the country.
2. Anger is nothing but a vice.
3. To make society civilized, there is no alternative to reading books.
4. There is no doubt that the newspaper is a very essential thing?
5. A truthful person cares nobody.
6. At present no country considers Bangladesh as an easy opponent.

Exercise 3:

1. Everybody respects a truthful person.
2. Everybody knows this.
3. Everyone has heard of Solomon.
4. One cannot be successful without it.
5. Nobody cares about him.
6. Nobody is aware of it.

The post Affirmative Negative and Interrogative Sentences Exercises appeared first on BDClass.

But, the WH question is formed with a WH Words + Auxiliary verb at the beginning of the sentence.

In this lesson, I’ll discuss the most used WH words, their usages and how to form WH questions with them.

These are the most used WH Question words listed with their uses and Bangla meaning.

WH Words List and Usages of Them

How to form a WH Question

There are 2 ways you can form a question, with Auxiliary Verb and without Auxiliary Verb.

1. With an Auxiliary Verb

Normally, to make a question sentence, you need to place the Auxiliary Verb before the Subject. So, When you are making a question, the sentence structure should be-

Wh Word + Auxiliary + Subject + Verb …?

Common Auxiliary Verbs are be, do, have. and the others are will, shall, would, can, could, must, should, may, might, etc.

Example:

What do you do for a living?

Why should we learn English?

When is Rina coming?

2. Without an Auxiliary Verb

If wh-word is playing the role of subject, you don’t need an auxiliary verb to make a question. Then, the sentence structure should be-

Wh Word + Verb …?

Examples:

What happened to Riyad?
A bad accident happened to him today.

Who won the game?
Kiron won the game.

Who gave you this present?
My sister gave me this present.

Usages of WH Words

What

What color is your dress?
It’s purple.

What are you reading?
I am reading an article.

What do you have in your bag?
I have some books in my bag.

The following lessons about WH question may help you:

• WH Question Examples for Degree English
• Question Tag Examples with Answers

FAQs About WH Words

The post WH Question Words List – Usages and Examples appeared first on BDClass.

2. Long ago there was (a) — emperor in (b) — China. He increased (c) — taxes very severely. The people of (d) — country were very unhappy and could not afford with (e) — food to eat or tea to drink. They were in (f) — uncomfortable state. But nobody dared to complain to (g) — emperor. One day (h) — wise man was walking with the emperor in the garden of (i) — place. There were dark clouds in (j) — sky.

3. (a) — True friend is (b) — asset to us. He stands by us in (c) — time of danger. He is obviously not (d) — selfish person. He always wishes for (e) — welfare of us. But it is (f) — matter of great regrets that such (g) — ideal friend is very rare nowadays. Many (h) — person may behave like (i) — friends but (j) — few of them might be genuine.
4. There are various noble (a) — qualities which distinguish a good man from a bad man, (b) — aggregate of these qualities of (c) — head and heart constitutes character. A man of character is (d) — real prince among men. He is (e) — beacon light of the grouping humanity and its (f) — surest guide. Such (g) — man is one of the moral forces of the world and morality finds (h) — expression through his words and deeds. Blessed is the nation that possesses (i) — few such men that (j) — country depends most for its all around prosperity.

5. English is (a) — international language. We feel (b) — necessity of learning English at every step. This is (c) — only language of international overseas business, communication, co-operation and (d) — co-existence. It is essential to receive (e) — foreign degree or higher education. All (f) — good jobs need English knowing persons. So every educated man should know how (g) — communicate in English. To learn and develop (h) — skill of English especially for (i) — students is very important .No (j) — student should be ignorant of it.

6. Akbar (a) — Great was one of (b) — greatest emperors of India who ruled this subcontinent for more than 50 years. He was on one side a great ruler and on the other side a man of (c) — wisdom. Among all (d) — Mughal rulers he was (e) — best. As a result his name has been written in the page of (f) — history. Though he was (g) — uneducated person he had (h) — ability to rule (i) — kingdom like (j) — expert ruler.

7. (a) — Cricket is (b) — foreign game in our country. But it is (c) — international game. After winning (d) — ICC Trophy in (e) — Malaysia in 1996 it has become more popular than football in our country. By defeating (f) — Kenya Bangladesh got (g) — first victory in (h) — ODI cricket in 1998. Bangladesh got the taste of winning (i) — test match in January, 2005 defeating (j) — Zimbabwe.

8. A student must take care of his (a) — health because (b) — sound mind lives in (c) — sound body. Good health is (d) — key to success. In order to enjoy good health, (e) — student must observe (f) — rules of health. (g) — unhealthy man may be (h) — possessor of vast (i) — wealth; but he leads (j) —unhappy life.
9. (a) — Discipline is seen in (b) — nature. Every morning (c) — sun rises in (d) — east, day follows (e) — night, birds sing and (f) — plants blossom. Everywhere in (g) — nature, there is (h) — harmony. If There were no discipline in (i) — nature, there would have been (j) — chaos everywhere.

10. Though patriotism is (a) — universal human trait, it is often torn away by (b) — state her. (c) — poor people of (d) — poor country become indifferent to their state affairs and lose (e) — sense of patriotism. Such people would have become as patriotic as (f) — Simon Bolivar or (g) — Abraham Lincoln if they had a caring government or leader who would make their lives a bit easier. (h) — people of (i) — wealthy country simply love their country because the state provides them with everything like shelter, education, job and (j) — security.

11. One day I met (a) — lame man. After talking for a while he showed me (b) — identity card. Seeing (c) — identity card I came to know that he was (d) — university student. After completing his (e) — study he joined (f) — army. During the Liberation War he fought (g) — bravely against (h) — occupied army of the then West Pakistan. But it is (i) — irony of fate that a bullet of (j) — enemies hit on his leg. Thus he lost his leg.

12. A library is (a) — part and parcel of (b) — educational institution. It is (c) — unique place where books of different subjects are kept for (d) — reading. It enables (e) — readers to read books of their choice that create (f) — enthusiasm for learning. Students should pay (g) — visit to (h) — library regularly. They can borrow books for (i) — certain period and return them after them after (j) — given time.

13. Money cannot buy happiness. Frankly speaking money is (b) — must for our life. But it is not (c) — necessary to bring our happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d) — psychological thing. It is (e) — name of (f) — feeling. It means the contentment of (g) — mind. He who is satisfied with what he gets and contents with his life is (h) — really a happy man. Happiness cannot be purchased with (i) — money. No doubt, money has got something to do with (j) — happiness but it cannot give us happiness.

14. Patriotism is a noble (a) — virtue. It inspires (b) — man to shed last drop of blood to defend the freedom of his (c) — country. (d) — man without patriotism is no better than (e) — beast. A true patriot is honored by (f) — all. He thinks for (g) — welfare of his country. On (h) — other hand (i) — unpatriotic man thinks only of his own interest. Those who die for (j) — country are true patriot.

15. Our life is (a) — sum total of ours days and years. But all days are not equally memorable to us. Most of (b) — days are forgotten with (c) — passage of time. Only (d) — few of these days ever fresh in our memory. My (e) — first day at school is such (f) — day. It is fresh in my mind even now. When I was (g) — boy of six, my father proposed that I should be admitted into (h) — school in (i) — class 1. I felt (j) — joy and fear.

16. Unemployment is (a) — great social evil. All (b) — able-bodied persons in a society should be engaged in any occupation. (c) — unemployment man has to lead a vagabond life. Life becomes (d) — curse and burden to him. He has (e) — idle’s brain which very soon becomes (f) — devil’s workshop. There are many reason of (g) — unemployment in our country. Bangladesh is not (h) — industrialized country. The mills and factories that we have, can give employment to (i) — limited number of people. Similar is the case with (j) — agriculture.

17. Punctuality is of great value to (a) — student. (b) — Unpunctual boy who is late in (c) — class will miss (d) — part of his lesson and fall (e) — behind other students. But (f) — punctual student will learn his lesson in (g) — time and do well in (h) — examination. Punctuality is (i) — key to success in life. We all should be (j) — punctual in our activities.

18. Dowry means property or money brought by a bride to her (a) — husband. During marriage ceremony (b) — section of greedy people claim much wealth or money from (c) — guardians of the brides. (d) — Poor illiterate girls become (e) — victims of dowry. If (f) — guardians fail to fulfill (g) — demand of (h) — bridegroom, the brides are maltreated. So, the poor cannot think of marriage of their daughters. It is (i) — social curse. This can be eliminated by changing the outlook of the people specially the male (j) — members.

19. Journey is always (a) — pleasure to me. Whenever I go on a journey my heart leaps with (b) — joy. But (c) — journey by boat gives me (d) — greatest pleasure. Since Bangladesh is a land of (e) — rivers, it is (f) — easy matter to make (g) — journey by boat. Whenever I get (h) — opportunity to make (i) — journey by boat. I make (j) — best use of the opportunity.

20. It was (a) — dark night. A blind man was walking along (b) — road with (c) — lamp in his hand. Two men laughed at (d) — blind man. One said, “What’s (e) — use of (f) — lamp to a blind man?” The other called him (g) — fool. The blind man heard this and said, “It’s for those who’re (h) — careless.”What (i) — surprise!” said (j) — others.

21. The great ship Titanic sailed for New York from Southampton on April 1912. At that time she was (a) — largest ship. (b) — tragic sinking of this great (c) — liner will always be remembered for she went down on her first voyage. Four days after sailing out, while it was across (d) — icy (e) — waters of (f) — North Atlantic, (g) — huge ice berg was suddenly spotted. After (h) — alarm (h) — had been given (i) — great ship turned sharply to avoid (j) — collision.

22. (a) — Ant is (b) — industrious insect. No other insect is as industrious as (c) — ant. If we open (d) — pages of history, we shall see that (e) —, men who have become great were (f) — industrious. (g) — industrious are liked by all. On (h) — other hand (i) — idle are hated by all. So industry is (j) — must to prosper in life.

23. (a) — Bangladesh is (b) — land of six seasons. Of all (c) — seasons I like (d) — spring is most. It is called (e) — queen of seasons. It comprises (f) — Bengali months of (g) — Falgoon and Chaitra. After (h) — end of (i) — winter it comes with all its beauty and (j) — charms.

24. (a) — Student must take care of his health because (b) — sound mind lives in (c) — sound body. Good health is the key to (d) — success. In order to enjoy (e) — good health (f) — student must observe (g) — rules of health. (h) — unhealthy man may be (i) — processors of vast wealth but he leads an unhappy (j) — life.

25. Industry is the key to (a) — success in life. The ant is (b) — industrious insect. No other insect is as (c) — industrious as the ant. If we turn over (d) — pages of history, we will see that (e) — men who have become great were (f) — industrious. (g) — industrious are liked by all. On (h) — other hand (i) — idle are hated by all. So, industry is (j) — must to prosper in life.

26. (a) — Student must take care of his health because (b) — sound mind lives in (c) — sound body. Good health is the key to (d) —. In order to enjoy (e) — good health (f) — student must observe (g) — rules of health (h) — unhealthy man may be (i) — processors of vast wealth but he leads an unhappy (j) — life.

27. Mr. John is (a) — European. As he is (b) — Englishman, he knows (c) — English well. He is (d) — honourable to everyone through he is (e) — one-eyed man. One day having (f) — SOS, he went to (g) — USA. His brother Jim living there, joined (h) — army 1st year. He is (i) — younger of the two brothers. When Mr. John met his brother, he could not but shed (j) — tears.

28. Today Bangladesh faces (a) — number of (b) — problems. Of all these problems (c) — population problem is (d) — most acute. Population is no doubt (e) — great asset of (f) — country but when (g) — country fails to feed and provide these with (h) — suitable (i) — jobs they become (j) — burden.

29. Everybody knows that industry is (a) — key to success. (b) — person can prosper in life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow (c) — rules of sincerity and never go (d) — long way in (e) — world. Many (f) — man is not conscious (g) — importance of (h) — it. For which they don’t have (i) — benefit of (j) — success.

30. Man has no escape from (a) — death. Sooner or later he will die. He dies in (b) — wars. Many die of diseases and many die by accident. Again (c) — some die from something excessive but those who die for (d) — country is martyrs. Many modern weapons can kill (e) — man in (f) — moment. Things have been discovered to keep (g) — dead body alive for long. So, (h) — man is called mortal. It is (i) — meaningless effort (j) — man tries to escape from death.

31. Life is full of (a) — unfavorable circumstances. (b) — great men in (c) — world bravely faced (d) — adverse situations. There situations bring out (e) — man’s talent qualities. (f) — man in such circumstances learns many virtues like fortitude and bravery. Only (g) — brave men can conquer (h) — obstacles of life. (i) — adverse situation have glorified (j) —.

32. (a) — morning walk is good for all. It is (b) — simple exercise and good for health and (c) — mentally. In the morning (d) — air is fresh and free from any kind of noise and pollution. This pure air (e) — makes an active effect on (f) — walker’s health and mind, when (g) — man enjoys (h) — beauties and solemnity of (i) — nature in (j) — morning.

33. Mecca is an ancient (a) — city. (b) — first mosque of (c) — world was built there. Hazrat Ibrahim built it. It is known as (d) — Kaaba mosque. Many days have passed away. Suddenly a hole was found in (e) — wall. Today people all over (f) — world go to Mecca, they spend a busy (g) — time there. They forget the activities of this (h) — world. The Muslim of (i) — whole world gather there and perform (j) — Hajj.

34. Globalization is (a) — buzzword now. (b) — Countries of (c) — world are now considered as (d) — neighbours of (e) — village. (f) — Globalization creates (g) — borderless market. But it has many (h) — harmful effects. It makes (i) — rich (j) — richer.

35. English is spoken as (a) — first language by over 300 million people and used as (b) — means of communication by (c) — many more worldwide . Actually (d) — English language is combination of the words of many languages. This is because (e) — English dominated many territories. In the ninth and (f) — tenth centuries, (g) — invaders occupied a large part of (h) — eastern England. When Britain was conquered by the Normans. (i) — French got the status of the language of the ruling classes. Later on (J) — Greek entered into this language to a great extent.

36. Self control is at (a) — root of all virtues. Let a man give rein to his impulses and passions and from that moment he yields up his moral freedom. He is carried along (b) — current of life , and becomes (c) — slave of his strongest desire for (d) — time being. To be morally free, to be more than (e) — animal man can be able to resist (f) — interactive impulse and this by (g) — exercise of self control. This is the power which constitutes (h) — real distinction between physical and moral life. (i) — stronger man is he who , by discipline , exercises (j) — constant control over his thoughts , his speech and his acts.

37. Everybody knows that sincerity is (a) — key to success. (b) — person can prosper in life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow (c) — rules of sincerity can never go (d) — long way in (e) — world. Many (f) — man is not conscious of (g) — importance of (h) — sincerity for which they don’t have (i) — benefit of (j) — success. However, we should be sincere to our work.

38. Population explosion is (a) — constant threat to our environment and existence especially in Bangladesh. (b) — Population is growing at such (c) — high rate that (d) — environment may soon fail to supply (e) — people with their minimum (f) — necessities. Unless we take (g) — immediate step to stop this rapid growth of population, our (h) — environment will once encounter unpredictable difficulty and (i) — danger, consequently, (j) — inhabitants may experience destruction.
39. (a) — sultan wanted to find out (b) — honest man to collect taxes in his kingdom. He invited applications and a number of people applied for (c) — job. (d) — Sultan was unable to chose the right person. So he asked for (e) — advice of a wise counselor.

40. As Mr. Patrick is (a) — European. As he is (b) — honorary (c) — English teacher, he knows (d) — English well. One day having (e) — SOS, he went to (f) — USA. His brother Milton living there joined (g) — army last year. He is (h) — younger of the two. Patrick decided to visit (i) — world Trade Centre there. It was (j) — unique opportunity for him.

41. Once (a) — school boy named (b) — Ahsanullah was going home after completing his class. When he was crossing the road he saw (c) — old woman lying on the road. She was (d) — senseless and it was impossible for her to cross (e) — road. People come and pass but no one looks at her. The boy felt (f) — strong sense of sympathy for her. He rushed to (g) — lying helpless woman and somehow managed to rescue her from (h) — accident. The boy also helped her to go her residence. Last but not (i) — least, the woman prayed to the almighty for (j) — his betterment.

42. Bangladesh is (a) — land of rivers. There is hardly any country in (b) — world which has so many rivers. They provide us (c) — lot of fishes all (d) — year round. Fishing plays (e) — vital role in our national economy and helps us in (f) — various way. About half (g) — million people of our country are engaged in (h) — fishing and earn their livelihood by catching and selling fishes. It helps us to go (i) — long way to solve (j) — unemployment problem of our country.

43. There lived a poor (a) — man named Rabby. He was (b) — honest. He would look after a large mango garden. (c) — owner of the garden was a rich man. During (d) — summer season, some of his friends paid (e) — visit to his home. It was (f) — time when mangoes ripe. The owner told (g) — caretaker to pick up some ripe mangoes. So the caretaker picked up some of the ripe (h) — mangoes. He gave them to (i) — guests to taste. The guests tasted (j) — mangoes but they tasted sour.

44. (a) — moon awakens in our hearts (b) — feeling (c) — of love and tenderness. (d) — moon has furnished (e) — they use for poets and artists ever since (f) — stirring of (g) — poetic faculty in men (h) — soft and silvery brightness of the moon which (i) — waves her to charm us is borrowed wholly from (j) — light of the sun.

45. Begging is not at all (a) — employment. It is (b) — charity of (c) — others. It does not give anything good to (d) — society. It does not develop (e) — man’s ability or will to be self -reliant. It makes (f) — man devoid of any sense of self-respect. Those who live by begging cannot claim any dignity in (g) — society, it is regarded as slur (j) — curse to the society. It is (j) — most disgraceful disreputable means of living.

46. May Day is (a) — international holiday of the working class. May Day has been (b) — symbol for the workers all over (c) — world. It teaches us to establish an exploitation free (d) — society. The day reminds us of (e) — sacrifice made by (f) — workers of the city of Chicago. It is (g) — unforgettable event in the history. In our country the day is not (h) — isolated matter. It has assumed (i) — special significance in our country. (j) — unity is also noticed among the working day.

47. Every woman is (a) — potential mother. (b) — future of a child depends on how it is brought up. In this case (c) — educated mother plays (d) — important role. So, (e) — difference between the educated and (f) — uneducated mother can never be denied. An educated mother can bring a child up better than (g) — illiterate mother. A good wife means an educated woman. She is the best friend to her (h) — husband. Her words will go (i) — long way leave (j) — indelible impression on her husband.

48. Tea is (a) — refreshing drink. The preparation of tea however is a long but (b) — interesting process. (c) — water is first boiled in ( d) — kettle and (e) — desired quantity of (f) — tea dust is put in it . After (g) — few minutes (h) — boiled leaves are separated from (i) — liquour is poured into (j) — cup and some milk and sugar are mixed with it.

49. (a) — idle man and (b) — active man cannot be equal. We know (c) — story of (d) — ant and (e) — grasshopper. (f) — ant was industrious. On the other hand, the grasshopper was really (g) — lazy. The ant knew that (h) — industrious shine. On (i) — contrary, (j) — lazy suffers in life.

50. Kamal is (a) — SSC examinee. He has been suffering from (b) — fever for about a week. He wants to see (c) — experienced doctor. He has heard much about (d) — reputation of Mr. Shahin who is (e) — FRCS. He is one of (f) — best doctors in our country. He had his degree from (g) — UK. So, Kamal made (h) — appointment. On (i) — appointed day, he reached (j) — doctor’s chamber.

51. Man is (a) — social being. He is (b) — member of the society. He has (c) — freedom of choice thought and expression. But everybody should consider that he is not (d) — only person in society. There are many persons in (e) — society and they have (f) — same rights and one expects from one’s society. So to form (g) — peaceful society one should be watchful to see that other’s rights are not harmed. Every citizen must cultivate (h) — habit of obeying (i) — rules and regulations of (j) — society.

52. Good manners form (a) — important part of our education. Our education remains incomplete if we do not learn good manners. In our behavior with (b) — other, we must show proper respect to them. We should have (c) — sense of property in our conduct. It is necessary for (d) — cultural and disciplined society. Again, good manners cost us (e) — nothing, they are often (f) — result of good sense and good nature. The importance of good manners in life is great (g) — indeed. Everyone likes (h) — man of good manners and is glad to help him. Really this kind of man is (i) — gentleman in the true sense of (j) — term.

53. Sincerity is (a) — great virtue. A sincere man works prosperity and get (b) — desired result. (c) — rich work with sincerity and succeed in making (d) — anything a success. (e) — great people are also sincere to their work. They know (f) — importance of sincerity. As (g) — poor are insincere to their duties, they always lag behind and suffer only to perform a task property is not (h) — sincerity. Thy people of our (i) — country are not aware of its importance. So they should be aware of (j) — importance of sincerity.

54. Good manners form (a) — important part of our education. Our education remains incomplete if we do not learn good manners. In our behavior with (b) — other, we must show proper respect to them. We should have (c) — sense of property in our conduct. It is necessary for (d) — cultural and disciplined society. Again, good manners cost us (e) — nothing, they are often (f) — result of good sense and good nature. The importance of good manners in life is great (g) — indeed. Everyone likes (h) — man of good manners and is glad to help him. Really this kind of man is (i) — gentleman in the true sense of (j) — term.

55. Sincerity is (a) — great virtue. A sincere man works prosperity and get (b) — desired result. (c) — rich work sincerity and succeed in making (d) — anything a success. (e) — great people are also sincere to their work. They know (f) — importance of sincerity. As (g) — poor are insincere to their duties, they always lag behind and suffer only to perform a task property is not (h) — sincerity. The people of our (i) — country are not aware of its importance. So they should be aware of (j) — importance of sincerity.

56. Truthfulness is (a) — greatest of all (b) — virtues which makes (c) — man really great. If we do not cultivate (d) — habit of speaking (e) — truth, we cannot command (f) — confidence of others. We may succeed once or twice by telling (g) — lie, but it never brings about (h) — good result. A lie never lies hidden. When (i) — real character of (j) — liar is revealed, nobody believes him. All hate him and speak ill of him behind his back.

57. A true friend is (a) — asset. He stands by his (b) — friend in time of danger. He is not (c) — greedy man. He always wishes for (d) — welfare of his friend. But it is (e) — matter of (f) — fact that (g) — ideal friend is very rare today. (h) — selfish man cannot be (i) — true friend. He thinks of his own (j) — interest.
58. Bangladesh is our mother land. It has thousands of villages where eighty percent of our people live. So, it is clear that (a) — welfare of the country depends upon (b) — development of these villages. There was (c) — time when the villagers were happy and self-supporting. They were (d) — simple, healthy, peace-loving, religious and hospitable. With the beginning of (e) — British rule the villages saw (f) — downfall. (g) — few cities sprang up after (h) — western fashion. Then (i) — educated and well-to-do people left the villages to enjoy (j) — modern facilities in those cities.

59. People do not eat (a) — same food all over the world. (b) — eating habits of the people of a country depend largely on its geographical position, climate and soil. That is to say (c) — kinds of food they get easily. For instance, people in (d) — tropical countries eat a lot of fruits and vegetables. (e) — chief food of the people of Hawaii and Polynesia in (f) — Pacific are tero roots, bread, (g) — fruits and sea-food. They also eat (h) — lot of limes. The Indians of central America eat mostly fruits and (i) — vegetables. (j) — Eskimos live on meat.
60. There once lived (a) — poor farmer. He was (b) — honest and hard-working. He never wastes (c) — hour time while working. He had (d) — few pieces of land, but he had to maintain (e) — large family. One day he found (f) — umbrella with a bag. In (g) — bag, he found a letter. He showed it to (h) — one-eyed learned man. The man told him that it was (i) — important letter of (j) — university.
61. James Norman Hall was (a) — American writer. He wrote (b) — story about (c) — wonderful piece of business that took place between him and a farmer. While living in (d) — Tahiti, he was short of (e) — money and rented (f) — one room house about 22 kilometers from (g) — town. He was doing (h) — interesting writing there. To save money, he wanted to make (i) — vegetable garden in front of his house. But (j) — land was full of ants and land-crabs. They foiled all his attempts.
62. Bangladesh is a land of rivers. It got freedom in 1971 through (a) — Liberation War. It is located in (b) — South Asia. Dhaka is (c) — capital of Bangladesh. Dhaka is also known as (d) — city of mosques. Our main food is (e) — rice and fish. It is (I) — country of beauty. It is, in fact, (g) — large village. (h) — people of Bangladesh are very hospitable. There are many beautiful things here that attract (i) — travellers and tourists. The people of Bangladesh like to lead (j) — simple life.
63. Bangladesh is (a) — world’s most densely populated country. Our development efforts are frustrated because of (b) — enormous size of population. (c) — population explosion is (d) — constant threat to our environment and (e) — society. Population is growing at such (f) — high rate that (g) — environment may soon fail to supply (h) — people with their minimum necessities. It is indeed (i) — alarming situation. Something should be done to change (j) — situation.
64. Money cannot buy (a) — happiness. Money is (b) — must for our life. But it is not (c) —necessary to bring our happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d) — psychological thing. It is (e) — name of (f) — feeling. It means the contentment of mind. He who is (g) — satisfied with what he gets and content with his life is really (h) — happy man. On the other hand, (i) — unhappy man finds no contentment with his things. Happiness is (j) — blessing of the Almighty.
65. (a) — aim of every student is to do better in (b) — examination. But it is not (c) — easy task. Regular study is (d) — must. It is (e) — unique quality of a good student. He should not cram (f) — answers without knowing the meaning. He should have a good command of (g) — English too. Besides, a student should form the habit of speaking (h) — truth. He should make (i) — best use of time. But the students who are (j) — idle will suffer in the long run.
66. English is (a) — international language. It is spoken all over (b) — world. So the importance of (c) — English cannot be described in words. All (d) — books on higher education are written in English. Today organizations need employees who speak and write (e) — standard form of English. It helps (f) — educated man to get a (g) — good job, it is (h) — official or semi-official language all over the world. Ours is (i) — age of globalization we need to learn English to join (j) — advanced world.
67. (a) — 16th December is (b) — red letter day in the history of Bangladesh. On the day we achieved our victory at (c) — cost of (d) — bloody battle. Bangladesh came into being as (e) — independent country. It occupied a place in the world (f) — map. Every year we observe (g) — day with due solemnly we remember (h) — supreme sacrifice of our neroic sons. The day is (i) — public holyday. The day begins with gunshot. The national flag is hoisted on (j) — top of the each house.
68. Computer is (a) — invention of (b) — modern science. It is (c) — man made machine and works according to (d) — instruction given to it. It was Pascal who invented (e) — theory of calculation. There are five components in (f) — computer. In (g) — modern world computer renders (h) — great service to civilized world. It has lessened our works lead to (i) — great extent. In fact, computer is doing a great job by substituting (j) — human brain.
69. Money cannot buy (a) — happiness. Money is (b) — must for our life. But it is not (c) — necessary to bring our happiness. Happiness is absolutely (d) — psychological thing. It is (e) — the name of feeling. It means the contentment of mind. He who is (g) — satisfied what he gets and content with his life is (h) — really happy. Happiness cannot be purchased with (i) — money. No doubt, money has got something to do with (j) — happiness but it cannot give us happiness.
70. It was (a) — occasion of New Year’s Day. King Arthur and his knight were sitting in (b) — court. At the same time, they heard (c) — sound of hoofs outside. In (d) — moment, a stranger appeared before them. He was a knight. He said that people called him (e) — Green Knight. He said to the knights present. “I challnge anyone of you to strike me with (f) — blow”. If survive you will meet at any place in (g) — year’s time and receive (h) — blow in return?” All (i) — knights were taken aback. No one came forward to meet (j) — challenge.
71. The great ship Titanic sailed for New York from Southampton on April 1912. At that time she was (a) — largest ship. (b) — tragic sinking of this great (c) — liner will always be remembered for she went down on her first voyage. Four days after sailing out, while it was across (d) — icy (e) — waters of (f) — North Atlantic, (g) — huge ice berg was suddenly spotted. After (h) — alarm had been given (i) — great ship turned sharply to avoid (j) — collision.
72. I have many (a) — friends. One of (b) — friends is (c) — news reporter. He visits (d) — nook and corner of his area. Nothing can avoid (e) — sight of his (f) — keen eyes. (g) — sense of responsibility that he has beyond (h) — description. (i) — Last but not (j) — least, he is a real patriot.
73. The dog is (a) — extremely faithful animal. It is (b) — useful animal as well. In western countries (c) — dogs have been used for various purposes. In (d) — ancient time (e) — dog was used for hunting. It was also kept watch on (f) — houses. (g) — dogs draw sledges in (h) — icy lands. They can also detect (i) — criminals. So (j) — RAB’s, use dog squad.
74. (a) — educated man is (b) — asset for (c) — undeveloped country. He can teach (d) — ignorant man (e) — important matter without facing (f) — obstruction. For this there is difference between (g) — educated and (h) — uneducated. (i) — role played by (j) — learned is beyond description.
75. Man has no escape from (a) — death. Sooner or later he will die. He dies in (b) — many ways. Many die of diseases and many die by accident. Again (c) — some die from something excessive but those who die for (d) — country is martyrs. Many modern weapons can kill (e) — man in (f) — moment. Things have been discovered to keep (g) — dead body alive for long. So, (h) — man is called mortal. It is (i) — meaningless effort if (j) — man tries to escape from death.
76. Life is full of (a) — unfavourable circumstances. (b) — great men in (c) — world bravely faced (d) — adverse situations. There situations bring out (e) — man’s talent qualities. (f) — man in such circumstances learns many virtues like fortitude and bravery. Only (g) — brave men can conquer (h) — obstacles of life. (i) — adverse situation have glorified their (j) — life.
77. Mecca is an ancient (a) — city. (b) — first mosque of (c) — world was built there. Hazrat Ibrahim built it. It is known as (d) — Kaaba mosque. Many days have passed away. Suddenly a hole was found in (e) — wall. Today people all over (f) — world go to Mecca, they spend many a busy (g) — time there. They forget the activities of this (h) — world. The Muslim of (i) — whole world gather there and perform (j) — Hajj.
78. Globalization is (a) — buzzword now. (b) — Countries of (c) — world are now considered as (d) — neighbours of (e) — village. (f) — Globalization creates (g) — borderless market. But it has many (h) — harmful effects. It makes (i) — rich (j) — richer.
79. English is spoken as (a) — first language by over 300 million people and used as (b) — means of communication by (c) — many more worldwide . Actually (d) — English language is combination of the words of many languages. This is because (e) — English dominated many territories. In the ninth and (f) — tenth centuries, (g) — invaders occupied a large part of (h) — eastern England. When Britain was conquered by the Normans. (i) — French got the status of the language of the ruling classes. Later on (J) — Greek entered into this language to a great extent.
80. Self – control is at (a) — root of all virtues. Let a man give rein to his impulses and passions and from that moment he yields up his moral freedom. He is carried along (b) — current of life, and becomes (c) — slave of his strongest desire for (d) — time being. To be morally free, to be more than (e) — animal, man can be able to resist (f) — interactive impulse and this by (g) — exercise of self control. This is the power which constitutes (h) — real distinction between physical and moral life. (i) — stronger man is he who , by discipline , exercises (j) — constant control over his thoughts, his speech and his acts.
81. Everybody knows that sincerity is (a) — key to success. (b) — person can prosper in life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow(c) — rules of sincerity can never go (d) —- long way in (e) — world. Many (f) — man is not conscious of (g) — importance of (h) — sincerity for which they don’t have (i) — benefit of (j) — success. However, we should be sincere to our work.
82. Population explosion is (a) — constant threat to our environment and existence especially in Bangladesh. (b) — Population is growing at such (c) — high rate that (d) — environment may soon fail to supply (e) — people with their minimum (f) — necessities. Unless we take (g) — immediate step to stop this rapid growth of population, our (h) — environment will once encounter unpredictable difficulty and (i) — danger, consequently, (j) — inhabitants may experience destruction.
83. A cyclone is a natural disaster. It is (b) — kind of rotator storm that rises from (c) — fixed point on (d) — earth. It comes with lightning and thunder and often with (e) — heavy showers of rain. It has a circular motion which always changes its direction. It blows at (f) — rate of sixty to one hundred kilometers (g) — hour. A cyclone causes (h) — terrific havoc. Within (f) — sweep of (j) — cyclone almost everything is destroyed.
84. As Mr. Patrick is (a) — European. As he is (b) — honorary (c) — English teacher, he knows (d) — English well. One day having (e) — SOS, he went to (f) — USA. His brother Milton living there joined (g) — army last year. He is (h) — younger of the two. Patrick decided to visit (i) — world Trade Centre there. It was (j) — unique opportunity for him.
85. Once (a) — school boy named (b) — Ahsanullah was going home after completing his class. When he was crossing the road he saw (c) — old woman lying on the road. She was (d) — senseless and it was impossible for her to cross (e) — road. People come and pass but no one looks at her. The boy felt (f) — strong sense of sympathy for her. He rushed to (g) — lying helpless woman and somehow managed to rescue her from (h) — accident. The boy also helped her to go her residence. Last but not (i) — least, the woman prayed to the almighty for (j) — his betterment.
86. Journey is always (a) — pleasure to me. Whenever I go on a journey my heart leaps with (b) — joy. But (c) — journey by boat gives me (d) — greatest pleasure. Since Bangladesh is a land of (e) — rivers, it is (f) — easy matter to make (g) — journey by boat. Whenever I get (h) — opportunity to make (i) — journey by boat. I make (j) — best use of the opportunity.
87. Bangladesh is (a) — land of rivers. There is hardly any country in (b) — world which has so many rivers. They provide us (c) — lot of fishes all (d) — year round. Fishing plays (e) — vital role in our national economy and helps us in (f) — various way. About half (g) — million people of our country are engaged in (h) — fishing and earn their livelihood by catching and selling fishes. It helps us to go (i) — long way to solve (j) — unemployment problem of our country.
88. There lived a poor (a) — man named Rabby. He was (b) — honest man. He would look after a large mango garden. (c) — owner of the garden was a rich man. During (d) — summer season, some of his friends paid (e) — visit to his home. It was (f) — time when mangoes ripe. The owner told (g) — caretaker to pick up some ripe mangoes. So the caretaker picked up some of the ripe (h) — mangoes .He gave them to (i) — guests to taste. The guests tasted (j) — mangoes but they tasted sour.
89. (a) — People do not eat (b) — same food all the world. (c) — Eating habit of (d) — people of (e) — country depends largely on its geographical position, (f) — climate and soil. (g) — kinds of food that people eat depend on what they can grow or afford to buy from other countries. For instance people in (h) — tropical countries eat (i) — lots of fruits and vegetables which grow abundantly in these regions. The chief food of the people of (j) — Hawaii and Polynesia in the Pacific roots, bread, fruit and sea food.
90. (a) — moon awakens in our hearts (b) — feeling (c) — of love and tenderness. (d) — moon has furnished (e) — they use for poets and artists ever since (f) — stirring of (g) — poetic faculty in men (h) — soft and silvery brightness of the moon which (i) — waves her to charm us is borrowed wholly from (j) — light of the sun.
91. More than (a) — thousand years before (b) — Christ , near (c) — eastern end of (d) — Mediterranean was (e) — great city, very rich and powerful, second to none on (f) — crate . (g) — name of it was Troy and even today no city is more famous. (h) — cause of this long lasting fame was (i) — war told of in one of the world’ greatest poems, the Iliad , and (j) — cause of the war went back to a dispute between three jealous goddesses.
92. There was (a) — extreme heat during the whole day. To stay in the room was also (b) — troublesome. So I went (c) — outside for (d) — breathe of cold air. There was Neela, (e) — youngest sister of mine with (f) — me. She said, “Let’s go out for (g) — walk by the side of the river.” We went to (h) — bank of the river on (i) — foot. At that time (j) — sun was about to set.
93. Begging is not at all (a) — employment. It is (b) — charity of (c) — others. It does not give anything good to (d) — society. It does not develop (e) — man’s ability or will to be self –reliant. It makes (f) — man devoid of any sense of self respect. Those who live by begging cannot claim any dignity in (g) — society, it is regarded as slur (j) — curse to the society. It is (j) — most disgraceful disreputable means of living.
94. (a) — Ant is (b) — industrious insect. No other insect is as industrious as (c) — ant. If we open (d) — pages of history, we shall see that (e) — men who have become great were (f) — industrious. (g) — industrious are liked by all. On (h) — other hand, (i) — idle are hated by all. So industry is (j) — must to prosper in life.
95. He gave me (a) — word but did not keep it. I expected him (b) — next day but he did not come.(c) — details of (d) — packing my personal (e) — belongings and arranging (f) — bed over (g) — seat occupied me until (h) — late in (i) — day. I started (j) — car as the sun was setting.
96. Our school (a) — exact place of taking (b) — part in co-curricular activities. In (c) — each week competitions are arranged in (d) — auditorium. Our teachers motivate us in (e) — participating (f) — programmes. (g) — Winners are (h) — awarded by our principal. (i) — Student can easily go to (j) — hobby society.
97. Since the creation of earth, there is (a) — strange relationship between man and animals. In (b) — recent newspaper article, we read about (c) — Australian swimmer who was saved from (d) — shark by (e) — group of dolphin s when (f) — shark attacked (g) — swimmer, (h) — dolphins chased it away. They saved (i) — swimmer’s life. It is believed the dolphins that are free in (j) — nature live around 40 years.
98. May Day is (a) — international holiday of the working class. May Day has been (b) — symbol for the workers all over (c) — world. It teaches us to establish an exploitation free (d) — society. The day reminds us of (e) — sacrifice made by (f) — workers of the city of Chicago. It is (g) — unforgettable event in the history. In our country the day is not (h) — isolated matter. It has assumed (i) — special significance in our country. (j) — unity is also noticed among the working day.
99. I am (a) — student. I have (b) — hobby. Gardening is my hobby. I have made (c) — garden in front of my reading room. I lose (d) — oil of my garden with (e) — spade and weed out with a hoe. I water (f) — plants regularly. I have put (g) — fence round the garden so that a cow or a goat or (h) — naughty boy could do no harm to the plants. When flowers bloom (i) — garden looks very beautiful. The flower spread (j) — sweet smell.
100. Moti is (a) — street boy. He is (b) — orphan. He lives in (c) — street of Dhaka city. One day he went to (d) — New Market. He saw (e) — fruit seller selling different kinds fruits. There he found (f) — old man buying some apples. (g) — apples looked very fresh. His mouth watered at (h) — sight of the apples. He wished if he could have (i) — apple. He thought for a while Feeling pity for him (j) — old man gave him an apple.
101. Industry is the key to (a) — success in life. The ant is (b) — industrious insect. No other insect is as (c) — industrious as the ant. If we turn over (d) — pages of history, we will see that (e) — men who have become great were (f) — industrious. (g) — industrious are liked by all. On (h) — other hand (i) — idle are hated by all. So, industry is (j) — must to prosper in life.
102. Hamlet, (a) — living person was (b) — Prince of Denmark. He was (c) — greatly shocked when his father was murdered and his mother hastily married his uncle Claudius, who became (d) — king of Denmark . He expressed his grief by saying that even (e) — animal of two reasons would have mourned longer. He grieved over these (f) — sad events day after day (g) — dreadful suspicion filled his mind. He had been told that while his father was sleeping in his garden he had died from (h) — bite of (i) — snake . But finally Hamlet knew that (j) — real snake was Claudius.
103. (a) — Bangladesh is (b) — land of six seasons. Of all (c) — seasons I like (d) — spring is most. It is called (e) — queen of seasons. It comprises (f) — Bengali months of (g) — Falgoon and Chaitra. After (h) — end of (i) — winter it comes with all its beauty and (j) — charms.
104. (a) — Student must take care of his health because (b) — sound mind lives in (c) — sound body. Good health is the key to (d) — success. In order to enjoy (e) — good health (f) — student must observe (g) — rules of health (h) — unhealthy man may be (i) — processors of vast wealth but he leads an unhappy (j) — life.
105. Every woman is (a) — potential mother. (b) — future of a child depends on how it is brought up. In this case (c) — educated mother plays (d) — important role. So, (e) — difference between the educated and (f) — uneducated mother can never be denied. An educated mother can bring a child up better than (g) — illiterate mother. A good wife means an educated woman. She is the best friend to her (h) — husband. Her words will go (i) — long way leave (j) — indelible impression on her husband.
106. Good manners form (a) — important part of our education. Our education remains incomplete if we do not learn good manners. In our behavior with (b) — other, we must show proper respect to them. We should have (c) — sense of property in our conduct. It is necessary for (d) — cultural and disciplined society. Again, good manners cost us (e) — nothing, they are often (f) — result of good sense and good nature. The importance of good manners in life is great (g) — indeed. Everyone likes (h) — man of good manners and is glad to help him. Really this kind of man is (i) — gentleman in the true sense of (j) — term.
107. Unfair means in the examination is (a) — offence. It degrades (b) — standard of education. If the students of (c) — country do not acquire true (d) — education, there will be no development for (e) — country. (f) — Examiner should read seriously so that he can cut (g) — good figure in the examination. To acquire true education should be the only aim of all (h) — students. (i) — Educated man cannot support (j) — unfair means in the examination at all.
108. (a) — 21st of February is (b) — important day in our national calendar. On this day in 1952, valiant youths of (c) — soil laid down their lives to establish (d) — honour of (Bangla, their mother language. Their demand was to recognize Bangla as (e) — official language of state as it was (g) — language of most of (h) — population. Because of their sacrifice, we have got (i) — Bangla as our official language. Now, Bangladesh is (j) — international language.
109. Eid-ul-Fitr is (a) — biggest festival of (b) — Muslims. It comes at (c) — end of the holy (d) — month of (e) — Ramadan. It is (f) — occasion for thanks giving to (g) — Almighty. Eid is certainly an occasion for (h) — our Muslims who followed (i) — commandments of Allah during (j) — holy Ramadan.
110. Mr. John is (a) — European. As he is (b) — Englishman, he knows (c) — English well. He is (d) — honourable to everyone through he is (e) — one-eyed man. One day having (f) — SOS he went to (g) — USA. His brother Jim living there, joined (h) — army 1st year. He is (i) — younger of the two brothers. When Mr. John met his brother, he could not but shed (j) — tears.
111. Today Bangladesh faces (a) — number of (b) — problems. Of all these problems (c) — population problem is (d) — most acute. Population is no doubt (e) — great asset of (f) — country but when (g) — country fails to feed and provide these with (h) — suitable (i) — jobs they become (j) — burden.
112. There was (a) — collision between (b) — van and (c) — pedestrian at the crossroads near our house last night. Both (d) —, pedestrian and (e) — van driver were taken to (f) — hospital and both were given (g) — injections, (h) — witnesses said that (i) — passer by was quite heedless while passing (j) — road.
113. Tea is (a) — refreshing drink. The preparation of tea however is a long but (b) — interesting process. (c) — water is first boiled in ( d) — kettle and (e) — desired quantity (f) — tea is put in it . After (g) — few minutes (h) — boiled leaves are separated from (i) — liquour is poured into (j) — cup and some milk and sugar are mixed with it.
114. Muhammad Yunus was born in (a) — Chittagong (b) — business centre of eastern Bangladesh. He was (c) — third of 14 children of his parents. He was awarded (d) — Fulbright scholarship and received his (e) — Ph.D. from (f) — USA. He is (g) — founder and Managing Director of (h) — Grameen Bank. In 1997 he organized (i) — world’s first Micro-credit summit in (j) — Washington DC.
115. Sincerity is (a) — great virtue. A sincere man works prosperity and get (b) — desired result. (c) — rich work sincerity and succeed in making (d) — anything a success. (e) — great people are also sincere to their work. They know (f) — importance of sincerity. As (g) — poor are insincere to their duties , they always lag behind and suffer only to perform a task property is not (h) — sincerity . Thy people of our (i) — country are not aware of its importance . So they should be aware of (j) — importance of sincerity.
116. When (a) — great poet Ferdousi began to write (b) — Shahanama, the Sultan promised him (c) — piece of gold for gold for each (d) — verse. When(e) — epic was finished , it contained sixty thousand (f) — verses., instead of giving gold coins , he offered the poet only sixty thousand silver (g) — coins. The poet refused to the silver coins and left the court with (h) — broken heart. He was (i) — aggrieved man. Later on the Sultan released that he had made (j) — blunder.
117. Everybody knows that industry is (a) — key to success. (b) — person can prosper in life by doing hard work. The man who does not follow (c) — rules of sincerity and never go (d) — long way (e) — world . Many (f) — man is not conscious (g) — importance of (h) — it. For which they don’t have (i) — benefit of (j) — success.
118. (a) — fire man leapt from (b) — opposite doorway and (c) — driver followed. (d) — instant later (e) — huge engine pitched over (f) — embankment, fell on to its side , and crashed into (g) — creek with (h) — deafening roar. (i) — roar tender and (j) — next six trucks followed with a hidden screech of metals.
119. I have many (a) — friends. One of (b) — friends is (c) — news reporter. He visits (d) — nook and corner of his area. Nothing can avoid (e) — sight of his (f) — keen eyes. (g) — Sense of responsibility that he has beyond (h) — description. (i) — Last but not (j) — least, he is a real patriot.
120. (a) — English poet was staying in (b) — Italy for the benefit of his health. He received (c) — unpaid letter from one of his friends containing nothing but a new words. He had to pay double postage for such (d) — unwise activity. He decided to teach his friend (e) — good lesson. So he collected (f) — stone and packed it up in (g) — box. He sent (h) — box to his friend. The friend fought that the contents of the parcel were valuable. So he paid the charge for carrying. He was astonished to see nothing in the box but (i) — ordinary (j) — stone.
121. Our school is (a) — exact place of taking (b) — part in co-curricular activities. In (c) — each week competitions are arranged in (d) — auditorium of our school. Our teachers motivate us in (e) — participating (f) — programmes. (g) — winners are (h) — awarded by our principal (i) — student can face (j) — battle of life by participating different co-curricular activities.
122. John, (a) — woodcutter, worked for a company for five years but never got (b) — rise. The company hired bill and within (c) — year he got (d) — rise. Then John resented Bill’s getting a raise after only (e) — year and went to his boss to talk about it. The boss said, “ You are cutting the number of (f) — trees you were cutting live years ago. We are (g) — result oriented company and would be happy to give you (h) — rise if your productivity goes up.” John went back, started hitting harder and putting in longer hours but still wasn’t able to cut more (i) — trees. He went back to his boss and told him his (j) — dilemma.
123. People of (a) — developing countries have always been fascinated with (b) — dream of living in (c) — some developed countries like America, Canada etc. so that they can lead a better life (d) — better civic facilities and (e) — earning as well. As a result, every year a lot of people migrate to (f) — countries. In fact people who settle there are either skilled or well educated in (g) — their respective sectors. After (h) — setting there they are to abide by (i) — rules and regulations of those countries. These people are known as (j) — immigrants.
124. You are (a) — students of class ten (b) — highest class of the school. To come to this stage you had to undergo a lot of hardships and to make (c) — effort. None of you can deny (d) — fact of getting help from (e) — so many dedicated and friendly teachers. This is however, (f) — usual process. What (g) — tremendous job (h) — teachers shouldered to bring you at this stage? All these have been done to your to help you in becoming (i) — unique person, having (j) — ability and integrity for your own excellence.
125. Energy is (a) — life blood, so to say of (b) — civilized society. The richer (c) — country in energy resources. (d) — greater is its progress and prosperity. Bangladesh is a t least developed (e) — country. The reason is that it has (f) — poor energy resource. In Bangladesh (g) — most easily available material for producing heat is (h) — wood. In the village, wood is still the only natural used for lighting fires for cooking. With the increase of population (i) — demand for firewood has been increasing. And people are cutting down (j) — trees at random.
126. (a) — idle man and (b) — active man cannot be equal. We know (c) — story of (d) — ant and (e) — grasshopper. (f) — ant was industrious. On the other hand, the grasshopper was really (g) — lazy. The ant knew that (h) — industrious shine. On (i) — contrary, (j) — lazy suffers in life.
127. In (a) — morning of July 16, 1969, (b) — Apollo 11 was launched from (c) — Cape Kennedy for (d) — journey to (e) — moon with three astronauts Neil A Armstrong, Edwin E Adrian Michael Collins. It flew at (f) — speed of 6000miles per hour. It was piloted by Colonel Michael Collins. After travelling (g) — distance of 240 thousand miles it reached (h) — moon on (i) — 21 July, 1969 (j) — whole world saw the scene on TV.
128. Harun is (a) — SSC examinee. He has been suffering from fever. He wants to see (b) — experienced doctor. He has heard much about the name and (c) — fame of Mr. Zaman. Mr. Zaman is (d) — FRCS. He is one of (e) — best doctors in our country. He had his degree from (f) — USA. So Harun made (g) — appointment. On (h) — fixed date he reached (i) — doctor’s chamber was (j) — spacious room.
129. It was Monday in (a) — month of July. The sky was cloudy at (b) — night. It was drizzling since morning. I got up (c) — little bit late and looked out through (d) — window. My mother asked me to get ready for (e) — school. So after breakfast I came to the road with my books in ( f) — bag and opened my (g) — umbrella over the head . I did not find any rickshaw. I went on foot. No sooner had I gone (h) — half of (i) — way than it began to rain in torrents. I go t drenched and took shelter in (j) — roadside shop.
130. Education means to change (a) — behavior of human nature. So we receive education to adapt ourselves to (b) — new and changing situation. (c) — purpose of education is to energies our minds so that we can enable them to draw conclusion, make judgment and decision. It is only given in schools and colleges. One can also take education from (d) — nature and experiences. Abraham Lincoln spent less than (e) — year at (f) — school yet he was (g) — great orator who made (h) — famous ‘Gettysburg Speech’ nature is (i) — best master, (j) — school of experience is the most effective school.
131. Iran is an old (a) — country. Many (b) — poet was born in that country. They were famous all over (c) — world. Saudi was such (d) — poet. He got (e) — invitation from the king. He started for (f) — capital. He was in a very simple (g) — dress. On his way to (h) — court he took shelter in noble man’s house to pass (i) — night. This noble man took him for an ordinary (j) — man.
132. (a) — village market is held in (b) — open space in (c) — centre of the surrounding village. The paths of (d) — villages lead to (e) — market place. There is a daily market there. Of course, there is (f) — difference between a ‘hat’ and a market. A hat is not helpful like (g) — market daily. It is held only once or twice a week and it is more crowded than a market. However, there are (h) — various kinds of shops in (i) — village market. (j) — villagers get rice, dal, oil, vegetables, fish, meat and all other necessaries of their daily life from the market.
133. (a) — beautiful garden surrounds the Tajmahal. (b) — green trees of (c) — garden make the Tajmahal’s marble look even (d) — white . There is a long narrow pool in (e) — front of (f) — main entrance to (g) — building. If you look in this pool, you can see all (h) — beauty of the Tajmahal in (i) — reflection in (j) — water.
134. Bakhtiyar Khalji was (a) — Turkish adventure and soldier of fortune. By dint of (b) — luck as well as his organizational capacity heat(c) — first opportunity, conquered Bihar from (d) — Palas. At that time (e) — octogenarian Bengal King Lakshman Sen was physically weak. He was neither (f) — physically nor mentally able to resist any sudden (g) — onslaught from outside. Yet he apprehended Muslim attack and posted some of his troops at (h) —– Western border of his kingdom as (i) — cautionary measure . But clever as he was Bakhtiyar led (j) —– cavalry force through unfrequented hills and jungles of Jharkhand.
135. Travelling is always pleasant and (a) — instructive. To make (b) — journey is also (c) — pleasure to me. Whenever I go on a journey my heart leaps with (d) — joy . But (e) — journey by boat gives me (f) — greatest pleasure. Since Bangladesh is a land of rivers. It is (g) — easy to make a journey by (h) — boat. Whenever I get (i) — opportunity to make a journey, I try to make (j) — best use of the opportunity.
136. (a) — morning walk is good for all. It is (b) — simple exercise and good for health n and (c) — mentally. In the morning (d) — air is fresh and free from any kind of noise and pollution. This pure air (e) — makes an active effect on (f) — walker’s health and mind, when (g) — man enjoys (h) — beauties and solemnity of (i) — nature in (j) — morning.
137. No civilized society can live without (a) — press. (b) — press has in fact (c) — excellent influence on our daily social and (d) — political life. The source of it power lies in (e) — principle of democracy. In (f) — unique democratic system everybody is free to express his/her honest opinion through this media. The newspaper is (g) — mouth .piece of public opinion. No (h) — popular government came afford to ignore it. This media therefore, wields (i) — great influence on (j) — masses.
138. There are various noble (a) — qualities which distinguish a good man from a bad man. (b) — aggregate of these qualities of (c) — head and heart constitutes character. A man of character is (d) — rear prince among men. He is (e) — beacon light of the groping humanity and its (f) — surest guide. Such (g) — man is one of the moral forces of the world and morality finds (h) — expression through his words and deeds. Blessed are the nations that possess (i) — few such men (j) — countries depend most for their all round prosperity.
139. Kamal is (a) — SSC examinee. He has been suffering from (b) — fever for about a week. He wants to see (c) — experienced doctor. He has heard much about (d) — reputation of Mr. Shahin who is (e) — FRCS. He is one of (f) — best doctors in our country. He had his degree from (g) — UK. So, Kamal made (h) — appointment. On (i) — appointed day, he reached (j) — doctor’s chamber.
140. Abu Bib Adham was (a) — pious man. One night he saw (b) — angel in his room. He saw (c) — angel writing something in a book of (d) — gold. He asked the angel what he was writing. The angel replied in (e) — sweet tone that he was writing the names of (f) — persons who love Allah most. Abu made (g) — appeal to the angel to write his name. The angel wrote something and vanished. (h) — Next night he come again and showed Abu names of (i) — God-fearing people. Abu’s name topped (j) — list.
141. The invention of computer is one of (a) — greatest advance in (b) — modern technology. It is (c) — fairly recent invention. Computer is (d) — substitute for (e) — human brain. Computers are capable of doing extremely complicated work in all branches of learning. In a few minutes (f) — computer can perform calculation that trained mathematians would need years to complete. (g) — fastest computers can handle millions problems in (h) — few seconds. It can perform many operations at (i) — time and (j) — same time and same time without any confusion.
142. Bangladesh is no doubt one of (a) — poorest countries in the world having (b) — few enemies (c) — few countries encircling her are not much richer than she. They have (d) — little to do about our mental affairs. Our large population is rather (e) — burden than (f) — asset. But it is (g) — fact that (h) — days are not very far when we will be (i) — able to win in (j) — race with many other countries.
93. Baul Samrat Shah Abdul Karim was buried beside (a) — grave of his wife Aftabunnesa Sarola in their village (b) — home at Ujandhol. Thousands of mourning admirers of (c) — legendary poet attendant (d) — burial. Baul Abdul Karim wrote and composed over (e) — 1600 songs.
143. (a) — Teacher is often compared with (b) — architect. He is called the architect of a nation. He is (c) — light of learning and makes (d) — illiterate people worthy literate citizens of our country. But is (e) — great regret that (f) — teachers are not held in due respect in our society. They lead (g) —humble life in (h) — midst of (i) — wants. Still they keep the light of (j) — education burning in order to remove the darkness of illiteracy and superstations from the society.
144. What is secondary language? (a) — language learnt in school or in job in addition to (b) — one’s first language is called a second language. People master (c) — second language for various reasons. You may be interested in (d) — Greek to enjoy (e) — great literature writer in that language. You may learn (f) — Arabic in order to get (g) — job in (h) — Arabic speaking land. If you want to make business with (i) — French, you have to learn French. You learn English as (j) — second language since you can use it and be used almost everywhere on the earth.
145. An Ifter party was held in our school campus on (a) — 15th instant. (b) — Chairman of Comilla Education Board who has been newly appointed was (c) — chief guest of the Party. There was (d) — good number of elite persons in (e) — party. Our honourable (f) — headmistress presided over (g) — short meeting before the ifter mahfil. About three hundred people including 129 teachers of the school were present in the party. The chief guest made (h) —- good speech about (i) — new principles of education taken by the education ministry of (j) — govt. and on the duties of a teacher.
146. Man is (a) — social being. He is (b) — member of the society. He has (c) — freedom of choice thought and expression. But everybody should consider that he is not (d) — only person in society. There are many persons in (e) — society and they have (f) — same rights and one expects from one’s society. So to form (g) — peaceful society one should be watchful to see that other’s rights are not harmed. Every citizen must cultivate (h) — habit of obeying (i) — rules and regulations of (j) — society.
147. Water is (a) — scientific combination of Hydrogen and oxygen. It is (b) — element of nature. It is (c) — gift of Allah. Pure water is (d) — precondition to life. (e) — other name of water is life. If (f) — rainy season, we get water naturally. But sometimes we failed to get (g) — natural help. Water is (h) — essential for human life. Polluted water is very harmful for (i) — human. So, step should be taken to save (j) —- water from pollution.
148. A teacher is (a) — noble person in our society. He imparts education and enkindles (b) — light of (c) — knowledge (d) — among the students. He is really (e) — very important person in any society or country. He is called (f) — architect of (g) — nation. He dispels (h) — darkness of ignorance from (i) — mind of the students He stirs up the spirits of curiosity and (j) — creativity among students.
149. (a) — Olympic Games started (b) — long before (c) — Christian era. There is (d) — village in Greece named (e) — Olympia. This has been named after (f) — Olympia. Today the Olympic Games have become (g) — extraordinary events in the world. This year Olympic Games were held in Beijing, China bagged (h) — highest gold medals in various events. This is to be (i) — usual thing for (j) — host country. However, for the first time the USA failed to bag the highest gold.
150. Flowers are (a) — most beautiful object of nature. They lend colour, smell, beauty and charm to (b) — land. Bangladesh is (c) — land of flowers. The best known flowers of (d) — Bangladesh are the rose, the lotus, the marigold etc. (e) — rose was not originally (f) — native of Bangladesh. But it is now largely grown in (g) — all parts of (h) — country. It is called (i) — queen on (j) — account of its beauty and scent.
151. Think only of the crowd at (a) — cricket. The crowd matters (b) — deal to (c) — game and to one’s love to (d) — game. And it really is part and parcel of (e) — cricket, you will find nothing like it at (f) — other games. It sits for so long (g) — time in one place that (h) — personal reserves cannot exist in it., in a cricket-crowd (i) — intimacy it bred which breaks down all class distinctions. And become cricket frequently takes (j) — placid course the crowd has liberty for self –expression.
152. On 31 January 1912, (a) — deputation of Muslim leaders of East Pakistan led by Nawab Salimullah, Nawab Ali Chowdhury and A.K. Fazlul Haq met Viceroy lord Harding to voice their (b) — demand for (c) — university in Dhaka. This was vigorously opposed by (d) — other leaderships. A Calcutta Commission charged with (e) — task of preparing (f) — scheme for establishing (g) — university in (h) — Dhaka also opposed it. The government however ignored these objections and had (j) — Dhaka University Act passed by (j) — Indian legislative council in 1920.
153. Though newspaper is not always (a) — unmixed blessing, yet it is (b) — most useful thing in modern life. We can’t think of (c) — day without it. To read newspaper is (d) — habit. (e) — more we read (f) — more we can acquire knowledge. If we don’t read it, we shall be (g) — frogs in (h) — dark well. It is (i) — looking glass of (j) — modern life and world.
154. The other day Mita met with an accident and was taken to (a) — hospital. Where she was placed was too small (b) — room. Even none was there encircling to take care (c) — neglected. Utmost care was taken to transfer her in (d) — isolation ward for better care. But frustrating all our sincere efforts she breathed her (e) — last. (f) — inquiry committee was formed to gauge (g) — depth of indifference shown to (h) — victim dragging her to (i) — jaw of death through (j) — consequence is a foregone conclusion to many.
155. (a) — angry man is not liked even by (b) — idiot. There is difference between (c) — educated and (d) — uneducated. Again there is difference between (e) — rich and (f) — poor. (g) — Educated man should come forward to educate (h) — uneducated man. On the other hand, (j) — rich man should have sympathy for (j) —- poor man.
156. (a) — history of civilization shows how man always has to choose between making (b) — right and wrong use of (d) — discoveries of science . This has never been more true than in our own (e) — age. In (f) — period amazing discoveries have been made and applied to practical purposes. It would be (g) — ungrateful not to recognize how immense are (h) — boons which sciences has given to (i) — man kind. It has brought within (j) — reach only a short time ago.
157. People think of poverty(a) — as (b) — great evil and it seems to be (c) — accepted belief that if people had (d) — plenty of money . They would be happy and (e) — useful and more out of life. As (f) — rule there is more genuine satisfaction in life and more obtained from life in (g) — humble cottage of (h) — poor men than in (i) — place of (j) — rich.
158. At present day (a) — world (b) — English has become (c) — more widely used international language. Now it is not only (d) — language of (e) — English as people all (f) — over (g) — world uses it. But (h) — condition of this language in our country is not (f) — satisfactory. (j) — well-planned education system can improve the situations.
159. Do you know about (a) — Gypsies? They are (b) — tribe of (c) — strange people. They have no fixed place, but wander about (d) — place to place and live in tents. They were originally (e) — natives of India. But as they reached (f) — English from (g) — Egypt. (h) — English look them for Egyptians. That is why they came to be ‘Gypsies’. There were believed to possess (i) — strange powers. They could tell your fortune by reading (j) — palm of your hand.

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Remembering irregular past forms of verbs is sometimes difficult for many. For little kids and primary level students it remains always difficult.

Here, I’ll be writing about 5 very useful tips you can teach irregular past tense verbs to your children. The following are the 5 tips.

Make a list of the most Used Irregular Verbs

At first, make a small list of daily and most used irregular verbs, their past forms and past participle forms. Though irregular verbs are not so many.

If your kids are very little or in elementary school, list only regular used verbs. Here is a short list of irregular verbs that are used mostly in daily conversation.

Teach them in Action or Using Picture

While you are teaching, you do it in your action. Perform the verb action and tell the kids to describe in past tense.

Or you can use picture to make them understand what happened.

At first you can help making the sentence.

Explain Changes in Spelling of Irregular Past Forms

You know there is a spelling difference in irregular past and past participle forms. Normally, irregular past tense is formed by changing the Vowel in the verbs.

You should explain the spelling rules and ways to your children and help them to remember the spelling.

This would be easier to remember the verbs, its past and past participle form.

Practice Them Again and Again

There is no alternative to practising. Keep your children on practice regularly. Practice the verbs over and over again.

Irregular past tense is just to memorize each one. There are a lot of exceptions and no rules of forming past tense. So, it’s best to learn the verbs explicitly and practice them again and again.

Correct and Remind in Conversation

Give your kids tests. If they made mistakes, correct them and remind them about it. Thus, it will permanently be saved in their memory.

Repeat the test again and see if they can fix the error themselves.

Hopefully, these tips will surely help you teach your children.

This may help you to teach your kids – English Grammar

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Question: Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.

• To what extent do you agree or disagree?
• What other measures do you think might be effective?

Sample Answer: It is considered that to accomplish the matter of increasing traffic and pollution, one of the best ways is rising the cost of petrol.

I somewhat agree with that. I will highlight my point of view and will give some measures, which might be effective.

It is true that in the street the number of vehicles increasing day by day, therefore pollution improving at the same time. Rising petrol consumption may a good way because it can stop some unnecessary vehicles to ride in the street. As a result, the problems begin to decline.

But the difficulty is that the poor and the middle-class people may not afford it. Hence, the authority should increase it in an affordable stage.

However, taking some other steps might be more suitable for the situation. Some possible solutions like making a restriction on the number of vehicles a family can purchase, and try to make people aware. As well as produce electrical transport more and more except patrol vehicles. Because electrical vehicles don’t make pollution.

In conclusion, there may have some arguments for increasing the cost of petrol. That’s why I think the other steps which I have given, might more effective.

The post The Best Way to Solve Growing Traffic and Pollution Problems | IELTS Writing appeared first on BDClass.

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Question: Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development?

In recent years, technology has occurred a significant turn in people’s communication with each other. There have many ways through which technology affects our relationship. From my point of view, it has a lot of good things with some bad.

Nowadays the world compared to a village due to internet technology. Because the internet covers the whole world like a net. Whenever someone wants to connect with others, the person can do it easily. Therefore people have come closer now, as all are in a village. For example, one of my uncles lives in the UK and stayed here for a long time. However, his family is in Bangladesh. So it is not easy to meet face-to-face them. But with the development of technology, they can get in touch. They can talk and see each other by using social media. Hence it makes the relationship stronger.

Furthermore, the improvement of Technology is creating a huge connection between people. For the time being interaction with people from different countries and different cultures is increasing by using Technology. For these reasons, a lot of things depend on it. for instance, I know a couple who came from different countries and got married. They can know each other through the internet. Here without a doubt, it expands the relationship.

on the other hand, depending on technology some people are now becoming an individual. They spent most of the time utilize technology. Due to this, the opportunity for direct interaction decreasing. According to a report, though the relationship is increasing through technology, but those are poor relations.

In conclusion, there has some arguments but everyone agrees that technology plays a great role. In my opinion, the positive and negative things depend on us. We should balance the use of it as well as social needs.

The post The Way Many People Interact with Each Other Has Changed because of Technology appeared first on BDClass.

In this case, we use a negative question tag when our statement is positive.

To add a question tag, we use the auxiliary verb. See the following sentences.

• I don’t need to finish this today, do I?
• James is working on that, isn’t he?
• Your father has retired, hasn’t he?
• The phone didn’t ring, did it?
• It was raining that day, wasn’t it?

Now the problem is; sometimes we find no auxiliary verb in the sentence. Here I’ll show you how to add question tags without an auxiliary verb.

Read Question Tag Rules in Bangla

Make Question Tag without Auxiliary Verb

Present Simple: Do/Does

The post How to Make Question Tag without Auxiliary Verb appeared first on BDClass.

Modifier Exercises with Answers

Read the following passages and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.

1. Once a cook roasted a duck for his master. The roast looked (a) … (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) delicious. He failed to resist (b) … (pre-modify the noun with a possessive) temptation and ate one of its drumsticks. When his master sat down (c) … (post-modify the verb with an infinitive), he quickly noticed the (d) … (pre-modify the noun) leg and asked him about it. The cook replied that the duck had (e) … (pre-modify the noun) leg only. The master said that there was no such thing as one (f) … (pre-modify the noun) duck. He insisted that this duck had only one leg. (g) … (pre-modify the verb with a present participle) angry, the master threatened (h) … (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) him from the job. The cook looked out of the window and some ducks (i) … (post-modify the noun with a present participle) outside in the yard. He saw one duck (j) … (post-modify the noun) one leg folding the other one inside.

Answer: (a) very (b) his (c) to eat (d) missing (e) one (f) legged(g) Being (h) to fire (i) resting (j) standing.

2. Drug addiction among the young generation has become a (a) … (pre modify the noun) concern. Drug is usually used as medicine (b) … (use an infinitive) diseases and an excess of taking drug mono disease is called drug addiction. It has grasped the young generation (c) … (post modify the verb) drugs to forget (d) … (use possessive) sadness. (E) … (pre modify the noun) people take various drugs (f) … (post modify the verb). Drug addiction causes (g) … (use an adjective) harms to human body. (H) … (use a participle phrase). We can remove this curse from our society. All concerned should take initiatives (I) … (use an infinitive) it. The criminals should be punished (j) … (use an adverb).

Answer:

Computer is one of the (a) … (pre modify the noun) inventions of modern technology. It has changed the world (b) … (post modify the verb). It is being used in (c) … (free modify the noun) sectors. Both teachers and students use it (d) … (post modify the verb with an infinitive) knowledge. So, it is helping education (e) … (post modify the verb). It helps (f) … (post modify the verb with an infinitive) diseases. It has quickened (g) … (free modify the noun) transaction. It is also used (h) … (post modify the verb) in industries and factories. But it was not inventive (I) … (post modify the verb). It took (j) … (free modify the noun) years to develop.

Answer:

The post Modifier Exercises with Answers for HSC appeared first on BDClass.

I Hope, the lesson will help you a lot.

-ed Adjectives

Adjectives that end with -ed generally describe your emotion. They tell about your feeling.

Example:

1. I was so bored with that lesson, I almost fell asleep.
2. He was surprised to see Helen after all those years.
3. She was really tired and went to bed early.

-ing Adjectives

Adjectives that end with -ing generally describe the cause of your emotion. For example, a boring lesson makes you feel bored.

Example:

1. Have you seen that film? It’s really frightening.
2. I could listen to her for hours. She’s so interesting.
3. I can’t sleep! That noise is really annoying!

Some More Adjectives with ‘ed’ and ‘ing’

Hey, you may want to read more about Adjectives. These lessons may help you:

• Definitions of Parts of Speech and Examples

Put a comment writing 2 example sentences with those 2 types of adjectives. You can also share your problems understanding the lesson.

The post Adjectives with ‘ed’ and ‘ing’ appeared first on BDClass.

I hope, you will find no difficulties to change direct speech to indirect speech after this lesson.

আপনি হয়তো জানেন না, Narration কি। কোন ব্যপার না এই টিউটোরিয়াল এর পর আপনি 100% বুঝে ফেলতে পারবেন।

Idea about Narration

Think, yesterday your father told you, “I am reading news.” This bold sentence is a direct speech.

Today, If you tell your mother what your father said yesterday,  you will say: Father said that he was reading news.

This bold sentence is an example of indirect narration.

ভাবুন, আপনার বাবা গতকাল আপনাকে বলল, “আমি সংবাদ পড়ছি”। এটি Direct

আবার,  আজ আপনি কথাটি আপনার মাকে গিয়ে কিভাবে বলবেন? বলবেন, বাবা বললেন যে তিনি সংবাদ পড়ছিলেন। এটি Indirect.

এখানে, আপনি আপনার মত করে, আপনার বাবার বলা বাক্যটি পরিবর্তন করেছেন। এমন পরিবর্তন করাই হচ্ছে, Direct থেকে Indirect Speech এ পরিবর্তন করা।

ছবিটি দেখুন, একটি ছেলে তার মেয়ে ক্লাসমেটকে গতকাল বলেছিল, “BDclass helps me a lot in my study” অর্থাৎ বিডিক্লাস তাকে পড়াশুনায় অনেক সাহায্য করে।

পরের অংশে, মেয়েটি তার অন্য বন্ধুকে গতকালের ঘটনাটি আজকে বর্ণনা করছে, “He said that Bdclass helped him a lot in his study”

এখানে, মেয়েটি যে গতকালের ঘটনাটি অন্য বন্ধুর নিকট বর্ণনা করছে এটাকে বলে Reporting. অর্থাৎ এখানে মেয়েটি গতকালের ঘটনাটি আজ অন্যজনের কাছে Report করছে।

এই Reporting করার সময়, গতকালের বন্ধুর বলা বাক্যটি “BDclass helps me a lot in my study” পরিবর্তন হয়ে “Bdclass helped him a lot in his study” হয়েছে।

এমন পরিবর্তনকে আমরা বলি, Narration Change বা উক্তি পরিবর্তন। এই লেসনে আমরা শিখব কিভাবে বিভিন্ন ধরণের বাক্যের Narration পরিবর্তন করতে হয়।

Narration সম্পর্কে বাংলায় আরো বিস্তারিত জানতে পড়ুন What is Narration

How to Change Direct Speech to Indirect Speech

Now we should know how to change these speeches from direct to indirect.

When we make an indirect speech, we need to change a few things Tense, Type of Sentence, Pronouns, Adverbs and Demonstratives, and Modals.

I will be sharing Narration Rules with Example. So, follow them attentively.

1. Changing Tense

At first, you should learn how to change the tense of direct speech. There is 2 Parts in the sentences, Reporting Verb, and Reported Speech.

Rule: When the Reporting Verb is Past Tense, Only then we have to change the Tense of Reported Speech. You need not change Tense if Reporting Verb is Present or Future Tense.

যখন, Reporting Verb  Past Tense হয়, শুধুমাত্র তখনই Reported Speech এর Tense পরিবর্তন হবে।

Reporting Verb যদি Present বা Future হলে Tense পরিবর্তন করতে হবেনা।

Example 1:

Direct: She said, “We work for New York Times.” [Reporting verb is Past Tense]
Indirect: She said that they worked for New York Times. [work changed to Past tense ‘worked’]

Example 2:

Direct: She says, “We work for New York Times.” [Reporting verb is Present Tense]
Indirect: She says that they work for New York Times. [Work remained the same tense]

Usually, Present Tense changes to Past Tense. See the table below,

Past Tense changes to Past Perfect Tense. See the table attentively

Exceptional Rule: If the reported speech is still true or happening or habitual and scientific truth, we do not need to change the tense in the reported speech. See the following example.

Reported Speech এর ঘটনাটি যদি বাস্তবিকভাবে বা বিজ্ঞানসম্মতভাবে সত্য হয়ে থাকে, আপনাকে এর Tense পরিবর্তন করতে হবেনা, তবে Pronoun ও Verb এর রুপ পরিবর্তন হতে পারে।

Example 3:
Direct: She said, “I live in Dhaka.” [She is currently living in Dhaka]
Indirect: She said that she lives in Dhaka. [Tense is not changed]

2. Pronoun Change

Pronouns in Direct Speech, will be changed in Indirect Speech according to the speaker, the listener or any third person.

Direct Speech এ Speaker (বক্তা) এবং কাকে বুঝাচ্ছে, তার উপর ভিত্তি করে, Direct Speech এর Pronoun গুলো Indirect Speech এ পরিবর্তন হবে। যা, আপনি ইতোমধ্যে Idea about Narration অংশে বুঝতে পেরেছেন।

Direct: Hasan said, “I cannot be with you.”
Indirect: Hasan said that he could not be with me.

Direct: They said, “We will join a party tonight.”
Indirect: They said that they would join a party that night.

Direct: I told Rina, “You should stay.”
Indirect: I told Rina that she should stay.

Direct: She asked me, “How are you doing today?”
Indirect: She asked me how I was doing that day.

Direct: Robert said, “Can you pull me up?”
Indirect: Robert asked if I could pull him up.

3. Types of Sentence

We know there are 5 types of sentences (assertive, interrogative, imperative, optative, and exclamatory). All these 5 types of sentences will change into Assertive Sentence in Indirect Speech.

How you will change different types of sentences in Indirect Speech, see below;

i) Assertive Sentence

The reporting verb will be “said” with no object, “told” with an object. For 2nd time, you can use “added” instead of “said”.

The comma (,) and inverted comma (“”) will be removed and we’ll use “that”. Tense, Pronoun, and Adverbs in reported speech will change according to the meaning.

Follow the example for better understand;

Direct: Jim said, “Bill loves to drink Wine.”
Indirect: Jim said that Bill loved to drink Wine.

Direct: Munni said to Rumi, “I will be waiting for you.”
Indirect: Munni told Rumi that she would be waiting for her.

ii) Interrogative Sentence

For interrogative sentences, the reporting verb “said” will be changed to “asked/ inquired/ wanted to know”

Remove the comma (,) and inverted comma (“”) and use “if/whether”. When the interrogative sentence has a WH word (What, Which, When, Where, How), use that WH word.

Tense, Pronoun, and Adverbs in reported speech will change according to the meaning.

Follow the example for better understand;

Example 1:

Direct: Rocky said, “Who will come with me?”
Indirect: Rocky asked who would go with him.

এখানে প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের কারণে, said পরিবর্তন হয়ে asked ব্যবহার হয়েছে। আবার, Reported Speech এর প্রশ্নটি Who (WH) word দ্বারা শুরু হয়েছে, তাই (, “”)-র পরিবর্তে who দ্বারা ২টি বাক্যকে যুক্ত করা হয়েছে। এবং খেয়াল করে দেখুন, প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যটি সাধারণ বাক্যে পরিবর্তন করা হয়েছে।

Example 2:
Direct: Tom said to me, “Are you from Bangladesh?”
Indirect: Tom asked me if I was from Bangladesh.

এখানে Reported Speech এর প্রশ্নে কোন (WH) word নাই, তাই (, “”)-র পরিবর্তে (if/whether) দ্বারা ২টি বাক্যকে যুক্ত করা হয়েছে।

Example 3:

Direct: Mother said, “How is the chicken?”
Indirect: Mother asked me how the chicken was.

iii) Imperative Sentence

Use reporting verb (tell/request/advise/order/forbide/command) according to the reported speech. We often use “tell” with an infinitive “to+verb” while reporting imperatives.

Use (told) for daily conversation, (requested) for request, (advised) for advice, (ordered) for an order, (forbade) for forbiddance. (নিষেধ)

Then, add (to/not to) before the Verb of reported speech. Please see the following example for better understanding.

Reported speech এর ধরন অনুসারে Reporting verb (tell/request/advise/order/command) ব্যবহার হবে।

যদি Imperative sentence টি দৈনন্দিন কথোপকথন হয়ে থাকে Tell ব্যবহার করা যায়। অনুরোধ বুঝালে, Request, উপদেশের ক্ষেত্রে Advise, আদেশসূচক বাক্যের ক্ষেত্রে Order ও নিষেধ বুঝালে Forbid ব্যবহার করতে হবে।

এরপর, Reported speech এর Verb এর আগে (to/not to) বসবে এবং বাক্যের বাকি অংশ বসবে। উপরের ছবিতে একটু লক্ষ্য করলেই আপনি বুঝতে পারবেন।

Example 1:

Direct: Mother said to me, “Listen to your elders.” [This is an advice]
Indirect: Mother advised me to listen to my elders.

Example 2:

Direct: Mr. Kamrul said, “Don’t go near the house.”
Indirect: Mr. Kamrul forbade to go near the house.

Forbid এর অর্থ নিষেধ/ মানা করা যা নাবোধক অর্থ প্রকাশ করে, তাই এক্ষেত্রে (not to + verb) না হয়ে (to+verb) হবে।

যদি, এখানে “Forbid” ব্যবহার না করে “Tell” ব্যবহার করা হত,

Indirect: Mr. Kamrul told not to go near the house.

Example 3:

Direct: The old man said, “Please give me some food.”
Indirect: The old man requested politely to give him some food.

এখানে বাক্যটি একটি অনুরোধ, তাই “Request” ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে। আবার, “Please” দ্বারা বিনয় (politeness) বুঝানো হচ্ছে, তাই Requested এর পর Politely লেখা হয়েছে।

Imperative Sentences with ‘Let us/ Let’s’

আমরা সহ কোন কাজ সম্পাদন করব বা করার জন্য পরামর্শ/ প্রস্তাব দিতে, ‘Let us’ ব্যবহার করি।

যেমন, Let us play cricket “চলো আমরা মিলে ক্রিকেট খেলি” এ ধরণের বাক্যের উক্তি পরিবর্তন কিভাবে করবো দেখা যাক।

Said এর পরিবর্তে “proposed/suggested” ব্যবহার হবে। Reported speech কে যুক্ত করার জন্য “that” এবং এর পূর্বে “should/ might” বসবে।

Imperative Sentences with ‘Let me/ Let him/ Let them’

আমাকে করতে দাও, তাকে করতে দাও এমন অনুরোধ করতে, ‘Let me, Let him, Let them. Let her’ ব্যবহার করি।

যেমন, Let me tell something. “আমাকে কিছু বলতে দাও” এ ধরণের বাক্যের উক্তি পরিবর্তন কিভাবে করবো দেখা যাক।

Said এর পরিবর্তে “told/requested” ব্যবহার হবে। Reported speech কে যুক্ত করার জন্য “that” এবং এর পূর্বে “might” বসবে।

iv) Optative Sentence

The reporting verb ‘said/said to’ changes to ‘wish/prayed’. The comma (,) and inverted comma (“”) will be removed and we’ll use ‘that’.

‘May’ will change to ‘Might’ and will sit before the verb.

Optative Sentence এ Reporting Verb হিসেবে ‘wish’  ব্যবহৃত হবে। যদি আল্লাহর কাছে কোন প্রার্থনা করা হয়, তখন prayed ব্যবহার করা যায়। এছাড়া, Reported Speech কে সংযুক্ত করার জন্য কমার পরিবর্তে ‘that’ বসবে

Follow the example for better understand;

Direct: Mother said to me, “May you be happy in your life.”
Indirect: Mother wished me that I might be happy in my life.

Direct: The teacher said to Rumi, “May you get GPA 5 in HSC exam.”
Indirect: The teacher wished Rumi that she might get GPA 5 in HSC exam.

Direct: Father said to Kiron, “May Allah help you.”
Indirect: The teacher prayed that Allah might help Kiron.

iv) Exclamatory Sentence

Follow the example for better understanding;

Direct: I said, “Alas! My pet died.”
Indirect: I exclaimed with sorrow that my pet had died.

Direct: The man said, “How fine the bird is!”
Indirect: The man exclaimed with surprise that the bird was very fine.

Direct: I said to her, “What a nice girl you are!”
Indirect: I exclaimed that she was a very nice girl.

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